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<p>One of the prevalent neurodegenerative diseases is Parkinson’s disease (PD). It is characterized by progressive degeneration of the dopaminergic (DAergic) neurons in substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc). Unfortunately, no effective and definitive treatment solution has been provided for this disease. Therefore, the efforts of scientists to find more effective and efficient treatment methods for this disease continue. Technology based on neural stem cells (NSCs) is important in therapeutic goals for disorders such as PD. In addition to the proliferation and self-renewal, NSCs also can differentiate into neurons, astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, as well as DAergic neurons. The purpose of transplanted NSCs is to either stimulate and/or support the proliferation, survival, migration, and differentiation of endogenous NSCs or to restore lost cells. Exosome therapy is another important research area after NSCs therapy. Exosomes, a key element of the CNS microenvironment, mediate intercellular communication via transferring bioactive molecules. Exosomes produced by NSCs can play a significant role in the treatment of PD, by having neuroregulatory and repair functions. In addition, exosomes can readily penetrate the blood–brain barrier (BBB). In comparison with their parental stem cells, exosomes have antioxidant, anti-apoptotic, immunomodulatory properties, immune tolerance, and lower tumorigenic risk. Today, research in the field of the application of NSCs-derived exosomes as a novel approach to stimulate cell survival and enhance DAergic neurons’ differentiation in PD is one of the greatest exciting subjects. But there is still a long way to go before using this strategy to treat PD in terms of safety and efficiency. Due to the potential effects of exosomes in the regulation of NSCs, in this review study, we focused on the underlying mechanism of NSCs and NSCs-derived exosomes and suggest a novel therapeutic target for PD. In general, NSCs represent a promising approach to treating neurological diseases such as PD.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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Exosomal Cargoes Derived from Neural Stem Cell: A New Strategy of Parkinson's Disease Treatment

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月3日

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  • Sepideh Tarbali,
  • Masoomeh Dadkhah,
  • Zahra Payandeh

摘要

One of the prevalent neurodegenerative diseases is Parkinson’s disease (PD). It is characterized by progressive degeneration of the dopaminergic (DAergic) neurons in substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc). Unfortunately, no effective and definitive treatment solution has been provided for this disease. Therefore, the efforts of scientists to find more effective and efficient treatment methods for this disease continue. Technology based on neural stem cells (NSCs) is important in therapeutic goals for disorders such as PD. In addition to the proliferation and self-renewal, NSCs also can differentiate into neurons, astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, as well as DAergic neurons. The purpose of transplanted NSCs is to either stimulate and/or support the proliferation, survival, migration, and differentiation of endogenous NSCs or to restore lost cells. Exosome therapy is another important research area after NSCs therapy. Exosomes, a key element of the CNS microenvironment, mediate intercellular communication via transferring bioactive molecules. Exosomes produced by NSCs can play a significant role in the treatment of PD, by having neuroregulatory and repair functions. In addition, exosomes can readily penetrate the blood–brain barrier (BBB). In comparison with their parental stem cells, exosomes have antioxidant, anti-apoptotic, immunomodulatory properties, immune tolerance, and lower tumorigenic risk. Today, research in the field of the application of NSCs-derived exosomes as a novel approach to stimulate cell survival and enhance DAergic neurons’ differentiation in PD is one of the greatest exciting subjects. But there is still a long way to go before using this strategy to treat PD in terms of safety and efficiency. Due to the potential effects of exosomes in the regulation of NSCs, in this review study, we focused on the underlying mechanism of NSCs and NSCs-derived exosomes and suggest a novel therapeutic target for PD. In general, NSCs represent a promising approach to treating neurological diseases such as PD.

Graphical Abstract