<p>As the use of natural biomaterials has gained more attention, many natural resources—including the tea polyphenol (TP)—have come into focus. Green tea contains a type of natural plant polyphenol, TP, which has excellent properties. These include hydrophobicity, antibacterial, antioxidant, anti-ultraviolet, antiviral, antidiabetic, anti-ageing, anticancer, antitumor and anti-inflammatory properties that others lack. In this review, we first discuss the structure and properties of TP. Furthermore, we examine recently developed TP-based advanced composite materials that incorporate polymers such as polyacrylonitrile, polyaniline, polylactic acid and polyvinyl alcohol, as well as natural materials like chitosan, starch, pomelo peel gelatin and reduced graphene oxide. This review focuses on their structure, properties, and various applications in fields such as food packaging, cosmetics, medicine, health products, and flexible strain sensors, among others.</p>