Mechanism of shear-thickening fluid and factors influencing its rheological properties: a review

The viscosity of shear-thickened fluid (STF) undergoes a rapid increase under high loading, resulting in the formation of a solid-like structure. Importantly, the viscosity of STF returns to its liquid state instantly when the load is removed. This liquid–solid transformation process allows STF to effectively absorb external energy, making it highly suitable for applications in energy absorption. This article provides an overview of the current research status of STFs based on relevant literature. Firstly, the shear-thickening mechanism of STFs is introduced. Then, the factors that influence the rheological properties of STFs are summarized based on studies that have examined changes in rheological properties. Finally, this review summarizes the challenges that may be encountered in the application of STF and also provides corresponding research directions for future research.