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<p>The ATP-citrate lyase gene (<i>acl</i>) was cloned and overexpressed in <i>Ganoderma lingzhi</i>. Overexpression of <i>acl</i> increased the accumulation of ganoderic acids (GAs) in <i>G. lingzhi</i> in both liquid shake culture and solid-state fermentation (SSF) conditions, with higher production observed in the SSF. In the SSF, the maximum contents of individual GAs (GA-Mk, GA-T, GA-S, and GA-Me) and total GAs in the <i>acl</i>-overexpressing <i>G. lingzhi</i> (ACL strain) reached 107.65 ± 3.19, 301.82 ± 27.38, 152.65 ± 15.28, and 259.77 ± 23.42&#xa0;μg/100&#xa0;mg dry weight (DW) and 9.47 ± 0.61&#xa0;mg/100&#xa0;mg DW, respectively, representing 1.42-, 1.74-, 2.01-, 1.85-, and 1.72-fold higher than those of the wild-type (WT) strain. The ACL strain also showed elevated ACL enzyme activity (145.23 ± 8.81 U/g) and acetyl-CoA content (74.85 ± 3.23&#xa0;μg/g), which were 2.08 and 2.82 times greater than those of the WT strain, respectively.&#xa0;Additionally, the maximum levels of the key intermediates squalene and lanosterol were improved by 1.77- and 1.54-fold, respectively, and transcript levels of the genes encoding 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A enzyme (<i>hmgr</i>), squalene synthase (<i>sqs</i>), and lanosterol synthase (<i>ls</i>) were upregulated by 3.46-, 7.21-, and 5.85‐fold, respectively, compared with those in the WT strain. Collectively, these results demonstrate that overexpression of the <i>acl</i> is an effective strategy for enhancing GA biosynthesis in <i>G. lingzhi</i>.</p>

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Overexpression of the ATP-Citrate Lyase Gene Enhances Ganoderic Acid Biosynthesis in Ganoderma lingzhi

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月26日

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  • Zi-Xu Wang,
  • Qiu-Jun Mo,
  • Jun-Wei Xu

摘要

The ATP-citrate lyase gene (acl) was cloned and overexpressed in Ganoderma lingzhi. Overexpression of acl increased the accumulation of ganoderic acids (GAs) in G. lingzhi in both liquid shake culture and solid-state fermentation (SSF) conditions, with higher production observed in the SSF. In the SSF, the maximum contents of individual GAs (GA-Mk, GA-T, GA-S, and GA-Me) and total GAs in the acl-overexpressing G. lingzhi (ACL strain) reached 107.65 ± 3.19, 301.82 ± 27.38, 152.65 ± 15.28, and 259.77 ± 23.42 μg/100 mg dry weight (DW) and 9.47 ± 0.61 mg/100 mg DW, respectively, representing 1.42-, 1.74-, 2.01-, 1.85-, and 1.72-fold higher than those of the wild-type (WT) strain. The ACL strain also showed elevated ACL enzyme activity (145.23 ± 8.81 U/g) and acetyl-CoA content (74.85 ± 3.23 μg/g), which were 2.08 and 2.82 times greater than those of the WT strain, respectively. Additionally, the maximum levels of the key intermediates squalene and lanosterol were improved by 1.77- and 1.54-fold, respectively, and transcript levels of the genes encoding 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A enzyme (hmgr), squalene synthase (sqs), and lanosterol synthase (ls) were upregulated by 3.46-, 7.21-, and 5.85‐fold, respectively, compared with those in the WT strain. Collectively, these results demonstrate that overexpression of the acl is an effective strategy for enhancing GA biosynthesis in G. lingzhi.