<p>To evaluate the perioperative outcomes of a novel anatomical nano-cage in elderly patients undergoing anterior discectomy and interbody fusion, with special attention to its outcomes on clinical symptoms, interbody fusion stability, and surgery-related complications. Methods: twenty-four cases of elderly surgical patients were divided into control group 1 (Cntrl 1), control group 2 (Cntrl 2), control group 3 (Cntrl 3), and the Experimental group (Exptl), 6 cases in each group. The polyetheretherketone interbody fusion cage was used in Cntrl 1 group, the titanium alloy interbody fusion cage was used in Cntrl 2 group, the spine minimally invasive interbody fusion cage was used in Cntrl 3 group, and the nano-hydroxyapatite/polyamide 66 (nHA/PA66) interbody fusion cage was used in Exptl group. All patients received anterior discectomy and interbody fusion, and received perioperative nursing intervention. The management of postoperative complications and patient observation indexes were recorded in detail. Results: The fusion of the fusion cage was better in the Exptl group than in the Cntrl group after surgery. At 2&#xa0;weeks, 3&#xa0;months, and 6&#xa0;months after operation, the intervertebral space height of Exptl group was higher than that of Cntrl group (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05). Visual analogue scale (VAS) was lower in Exptl group than in Cntrl group (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05). At 2&#xa0;weeks and 3&#xa0;months after surgery, Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) scores were higher in Exptl group than in Cntrl group (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05). Complications occurred more frequently in the Exptl group than in the Cntrl group. Conclusion: the novel anatomical nano-interbody fusion markedly improved the stability, the effective implementation of perioperative care reduced the incidence of complications, and the postoperative follow-up suggested that the successful application of interbody fusion cage had a positive impact on the overall rehabilitation of patients.</p>