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<p>Lung cancer remains a leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide, necessitating the development of novel chemopreventive and therapeutic agents. Valencene, a natural sesquiterpene, has shown potential bioactive properties, but its efficacy against benzo(a)pyrene (B(a)P)-induced lung carcinogenesis remains underexplored. This study investigated the protective and therapeutic effects of Valencene on B(a)P-induced lung cancer in mice, focusing on its impact on body weight, lung weight, oxidative stress biomarkers, serum marker enzymes, and histopathological alterations. Mice were divided into four groups: normal control, B(a)P-induced disease control, Valencene pre-treatment (B(a)P + Valencene), and Valencene post-treatment [B(a)P followed by Valencene]. Body and lung weights were recorded, while oxidative stress markers [superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx)] and serum enzymes (adenosine deaminase (ADA), aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase (AHH) were analyzed. Histopathological examination assessed lung tissue integrity. B(a)P induction caused significant body weight loss (15.7 ± 0.25&#xa0;g vs. control 33.61 ± 0.03&#xa0;g, p &lt; 0.01) and increased lung weight (360 ± 1.39&#xa0;mg vs. control 286.33 ± 1.93&#xa0;mg, p &lt; 0.01), indicating cancer-associated metabolic and pathological changes. Valencene pre-treatment significantly attenuated these effects (body weight: 26.33 ± 0.05&#xa0;g; lung weight: 303.16 ± 5.05&#xa0;mg, p &lt; 0.01), whereas post-treatment showed moderate recovery. Oxidative stress biomarkers (SOD, CAT, GPx) were significantly restored by Valencene (p &lt; 0.001), with pre-treatment exhibiting superior efficacy. Additionally, Valencene normalized serum ADA and AHH levels, suggesting anti-carcinogenic activity. Histopathological analysis confirmed that pre-treatment preserved lung architecture, while post-treatment partially reversed carcinogenic damage. Valencene demonstrates potent chemopreventive and therapeutic effects against B(a)P-induced lung cancer, primarily by mitigating oxidative stress, reducing tumor burden, and preserving tissue integrity. Pre-treatment was more effective than post-treatment, highlighting its potential as a prophylactic agent. These findings support further exploration of Valencene as a complementary strategy in lung cancer management.</p>

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Protective effects of valencene, a natural sesquiterpene, against benzo(a)pyrene-induced lung cancer in Swiss albino mice

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年7月30日

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  • Janmejay Pant,
  • Harneet Marwah,
  • Payal Mittal,
  • Lovedeep Singh,
  • Hitesh Kumar Dewangan

摘要

Lung cancer remains a leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide, necessitating the development of novel chemopreventive and therapeutic agents. Valencene, a natural sesquiterpene, has shown potential bioactive properties, but its efficacy against benzo(a)pyrene (B(a)P)-induced lung carcinogenesis remains underexplored. This study investigated the protective and therapeutic effects of Valencene on B(a)P-induced lung cancer in mice, focusing on its impact on body weight, lung weight, oxidative stress biomarkers, serum marker enzymes, and histopathological alterations. Mice were divided into four groups: normal control, B(a)P-induced disease control, Valencene pre-treatment (B(a)P + Valencene), and Valencene post-treatment [B(a)P followed by Valencene]. Body and lung weights were recorded, while oxidative stress markers [superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx)] and serum enzymes (adenosine deaminase (ADA), aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase (AHH) were analyzed. Histopathological examination assessed lung tissue integrity. B(a)P induction caused significant body weight loss (15.7 ± 0.25 g vs. control 33.61 ± 0.03 g, p < 0.01) and increased lung weight (360 ± 1.39 mg vs. control 286.33 ± 1.93 mg, p < 0.01), indicating cancer-associated metabolic and pathological changes. Valencene pre-treatment significantly attenuated these effects (body weight: 26.33 ± 0.05 g; lung weight: 303.16 ± 5.05 mg, p < 0.01), whereas post-treatment showed moderate recovery. Oxidative stress biomarkers (SOD, CAT, GPx) were significantly restored by Valencene (p < 0.001), with pre-treatment exhibiting superior efficacy. Additionally, Valencene normalized serum ADA and AHH levels, suggesting anti-carcinogenic activity. Histopathological analysis confirmed that pre-treatment preserved lung architecture, while post-treatment partially reversed carcinogenic damage. Valencene demonstrates potent chemopreventive and therapeutic effects against B(a)P-induced lung cancer, primarily by mitigating oxidative stress, reducing tumor burden, and preserving tissue integrity. Pre-treatment was more effective than post-treatment, highlighting its potential as a prophylactic agent. These findings support further exploration of Valencene as a complementary strategy in lung cancer management.