Preserving paleoteratological history: a study of congenital anomalies from Vilnius University’s medical collection
摘要
Vilnius University’s Faculty of Medicine, with a history dating back to the 18th century, has gathered numerous anatomy and pathology specimens over time. Regrettably, insufficient preservation has led to considerable deterioration of the collection. This study aims to evaluate the quantity and variety of congenital malformation specimens from the 20th century that remain under the care of our institution. Using archival records and visual inspection, we conducted a thorough assessment of these specimens. Congenital malformations represent an important aspect of human intrauterine development, offering valuable insights into medical history, embryology, and the complexities of prenatal life. While such anomalies were once frequently documented in historical records, they are now rarely encountered in modern medicine, largely attributable to advancements in perinatal healthcare and the availability of pregnancy termination. A total of 54 congenital malformation specimens were identified, with nervous system embryopathies being the most prevalent, followed closely by urinary tract and kidney embryopathies. Detailed documentation of these valuable historical specimens supports the development of a joint anatomy and pathology museum housed within the premises of Vilnius University’s Faculty of Medicine. Establishing a unified museum to preserve and showcase this diverse collection of congenital malformations would provide a unique educational resource for students and researchers.