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Objective <p>To evaluate the technical feasibility and short-term imaging evolution of ultrasound-guided thermal ablation for papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (PTMC) with calcification, while also analyzing the differences associated with calcification sizes.</p> Methods <p>A total of 69 PTMCs with calcification were identified from 69 patients who underwent RFA or MWA between January 2022 and April 2025, and were retrospectively analyzed. The following outcomes were evaluated: technical success, changes in tumor volume and volume reduction rate (VRR), complete tumor disappearance, and complications.</p> Results <p>The technical success rate was 100%. During a median follow-up of 15 months (range 6–33 months), significant differences in mean volume and VRR (versus baseline) were observed at all follow-up time points but not at the 3-month point. The overall complete disappearance rate was 43.5% (median 25 months), significantly higher and faster in the microcalcification group (55.3%; median 25 months) than that in the macrocalcification group (29.0%; median 30 months) (<i>P</i> = 0.029). The rate of overall complications was 2.9%, with no significant intergroup difference (2.6% vs. 3.3%, <i>P</i> = 1.000).</p> Conclusions <p>Ultrasound-guided thermal ablation for PTMC with calcification is technically feasible. On short-term sonographic assessment, although favorable changes were observed, the macrocalcification group showed a lower complete disappearance rate and a longer median time to disappearance.</p>

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Ultrasound-guided thermal ablation for papillary thyroid microcarcinoma with calcifications: short-term imaging outcomes

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月23日

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  • Xinyi Zhou,
  • Fan Yang,
  • Lei Zhang,
  • Bolin Wu,
  • Zhao Liu,
  • Yue Li,
  • Xitian Liang,
  • Yuanjuan Hu,
  • Maoxiang Zhang,
  • Wen Cheng,
  • Qiucheng Wang

摘要

Objective

To evaluate the technical feasibility and short-term imaging evolution of ultrasound-guided thermal ablation for papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (PTMC) with calcification, while also analyzing the differences associated with calcification sizes.

Methods

A total of 69 PTMCs with calcification were identified from 69 patients who underwent RFA or MWA between January 2022 and April 2025, and were retrospectively analyzed. The following outcomes were evaluated: technical success, changes in tumor volume and volume reduction rate (VRR), complete tumor disappearance, and complications.

Results

The technical success rate was 100%. During a median follow-up of 15 months (range 6–33 months), significant differences in mean volume and VRR (versus baseline) were observed at all follow-up time points but not at the 3-month point. The overall complete disappearance rate was 43.5% (median 25 months), significantly higher and faster in the microcalcification group (55.3%; median 25 months) than that in the macrocalcification group (29.0%; median 30 months) (P = 0.029). The rate of overall complications was 2.9%, with no significant intergroup difference (2.6% vs. 3.3%, P = 1.000).

Conclusions

Ultrasound-guided thermal ablation for PTMC with calcification is technically feasible. On short-term sonographic assessment, although favorable changes were observed, the macrocalcification group showed a lower complete disappearance rate and a longer median time to disappearance.