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Objective <p>This study aims to synthesize relevant randomized controlled trials (RCTs) via network meta-analysis (NMA) to identify the most effective “low-fat diet + exercise” intervention for adult weight maintenance.</p> Methods <p>Up to January 2026, five databases were searched for RCTs on exercise-diet combinations. Literature quality was assessed using the Cochrane tool, random-effects analysis was conducted for each intervention, and NMA was performed to compare their weight loss maintenance efficacy.</p> Results <p>9 RCTs involving 1,207 participants were included, comparing 5 interventions. All interventions showed weight reduction trends vs. the control group (CON), but their 95% confidence intervals were wide and crossed zero, with no statistical significance. Anaerobic resistance exercise (ARE) had the highest ranking probability (SUCRA: 65.2), with a body weight (BW) mean difference of -0.86 (95% CI: [-3.33, 1.60]).</p> Conclusion <p>All interventions tended to reduce weight, with ARE ranking highest. However, due to imprecise effect estimates, this result is exploratory.</p>

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Effects of Low-Fat Diet Combined with Different Exercise Interventions on Weight Loss Maintenance in Adults: A Network Meta-Analysis

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月27日

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  • Xiaohong Wu,
  • Qi Liu,
  • Weiping Zhong,
  • Lulin Zhang,
  • Zhixiang Xu,
  • Lianyu Fan,
  • Jieping Zhu,
  • Liqiang Su

摘要

Objective

This study aims to synthesize relevant randomized controlled trials (RCTs) via network meta-analysis (NMA) to identify the most effective “low-fat diet + exercise” intervention for adult weight maintenance.

Methods

Up to January 2026, five databases were searched for RCTs on exercise-diet combinations. Literature quality was assessed using the Cochrane tool, random-effects analysis was conducted for each intervention, and NMA was performed to compare their weight loss maintenance efficacy.

Results

9 RCTs involving 1,207 participants were included, comparing 5 interventions. All interventions showed weight reduction trends vs. the control group (CON), but their 95% confidence intervals were wide and crossed zero, with no statistical significance. Anaerobic resistance exercise (ARE) had the highest ranking probability (SUCRA: 65.2), with a body weight (BW) mean difference of -0.86 (95% CI: [-3.33, 1.60]).

Conclusion

All interventions tended to reduce weight, with ARE ranking highest. However, due to imprecise effect estimates, this result is exploratory.