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Purpose <p>To examine the overlap of sarcopenic obesity (SO), defined by two different diagnostic criteria, in older adults with diabetes and to investigate its association with higher-level functional capacity.</p> Methods <p>We conducted a cross-sectional study using retrospective data from patients with diabetes aged ≥ 60 years who were hospitalized at Ise Red Cross Hospital, irrespective of diabetes type, disease duration, and diabetes-related complications. The data collection period was one year, beginning in July 2020. SO was assessed using the criteria of the Japanese Working Group on Sarcopenic Obesity (JWGSO), which adjusts muscle mass by body mass index; the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia 2019 (AWGS), which adjusts muscle mass by height; and body fat percentage. Body fat percentage and skeletal muscle mass were measured using multi-frequency bioelectrical impedance analysis. Higher-level functional capacity was evaluated using the Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology Index of Competence. Using multiple regression analysis, we calculated the standardized partial regression coefficient (β) for the association between SO and higher-level functional capacity, adjusting for age, gender, diabetes etiology, HbA1c, number of comorbidities, living alone, mild cognitive decline, and diabetic medications. The estimated sample size was approximately 300 patients.</p> Results <p>The study included 345 patients; 61 (17.6%) met JWGSO-SO and 51 (14.7%) met AWGS-SO, with approximately half of them overlapping. The adjusted β for higher-level functional capacity of JWGSO-SO+/AWGS-SO−, JWGSO-SO+/AWGS-SO+, and JWGSO-SO−/AWGS-SO+, with JWGSO-SO−/AWGS-SO − as the reference, was − 0.131 (<i>P</i> = 0.031), − 0.064 (<i>P</i> = 0.289), and − 0.031 (<i>P</i> = 0.590), respectively.</p> Conclusion <p>About half of the patients with SOs overlapped between the two criteria. Additionally, a significant association was observed between JWGSO-SO and decreased higher-level functional capacity.</p>

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Overlap between body mass index- and height-adjusted sarcopenic obesity and their association with functional capacity in older adults with diabetes: A study based on the JWGSO consensus

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月27日

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  • Satoshi Ida,
  • Kanako Imataka,
  • Tatsuya Tanaka,
  • Kazuya Murata

摘要

Purpose

To examine the overlap of sarcopenic obesity (SO), defined by two different diagnostic criteria, in older adults with diabetes and to investigate its association with higher-level functional capacity.

Methods

We conducted a cross-sectional study using retrospective data from patients with diabetes aged ≥ 60 years who were hospitalized at Ise Red Cross Hospital, irrespective of diabetes type, disease duration, and diabetes-related complications. The data collection period was one year, beginning in July 2020. SO was assessed using the criteria of the Japanese Working Group on Sarcopenic Obesity (JWGSO), which adjusts muscle mass by body mass index; the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia 2019 (AWGS), which adjusts muscle mass by height; and body fat percentage. Body fat percentage and skeletal muscle mass were measured using multi-frequency bioelectrical impedance analysis. Higher-level functional capacity was evaluated using the Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology Index of Competence. Using multiple regression analysis, we calculated the standardized partial regression coefficient (β) for the association between SO and higher-level functional capacity, adjusting for age, gender, diabetes etiology, HbA1c, number of comorbidities, living alone, mild cognitive decline, and diabetic medications. The estimated sample size was approximately 300 patients.

Results

The study included 345 patients; 61 (17.6%) met JWGSO-SO and 51 (14.7%) met AWGS-SO, with approximately half of them overlapping. The adjusted β for higher-level functional capacity of JWGSO-SO+/AWGS-SO−, JWGSO-SO+/AWGS-SO+, and JWGSO-SO−/AWGS-SO+, with JWGSO-SO−/AWGS-SO − as the reference, was − 0.131 (P = 0.031), − 0.064 (P = 0.289), and − 0.031 (P = 0.590), respectively.

Conclusion

About half of the patients with SOs overlapped between the two criteria. Additionally, a significant association was observed between JWGSO-SO and decreased higher-level functional capacity.