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Purpose <p>Thyroid disorders are largely present in the general population. In addition to the medical history and laboratory tests, ultrasound (US) is a sensitive method for assessing thyroid diseases. Since thyroid nodules (TNs) are significantly more prevalent than non-nodular diseases – i.e., autoimmune, inflammatory, etc. – and entirely normal thyroid pattern, the largest part of the specific literature has been focused on TN. Indeed, international societies have developed systems to stratify the cancer risk of TN (i.e., TIRADS) while no classification exists to assess non-nodular disorders.</p> Methods <p>A three-score US-based classification of thyroid parenchyma is proposed: (1) pattern “N” – normal parenchyma, (2) pattern “A” – autoimmune&#xa0;- to assess autoimmune disease; (3) pattern “I” – inflammation&#xa0;- to assess thyroid inflammation/infection diseases. </p> Results and conclusions <p>Such a system could (1) cover the current lack of standardized classification of parenchyma, (2) improve the accuracy of US operators, and (3) facilitate the exchange among thyroidologists (endocrinologists as first) and stakeholders.</p>

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Classification system of ultrasound patterns of non-nodular thyroid diseases

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年10月15日

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  • Pierpaolo Trimboli,
  • Jörg Bojunga

摘要

Purpose

Thyroid disorders are largely present in the general population. In addition to the medical history and laboratory tests, ultrasound (US) is a sensitive method for assessing thyroid diseases. Since thyroid nodules (TNs) are significantly more prevalent than non-nodular diseases – i.e., autoimmune, inflammatory, etc. – and entirely normal thyroid pattern, the largest part of the specific literature has been focused on TN. Indeed, international societies have developed systems to stratify the cancer risk of TN (i.e., TIRADS) while no classification exists to assess non-nodular disorders.

Methods

A three-score US-based classification of thyroid parenchyma is proposed: (1) pattern “N” – normal parenchyma, (2) pattern “A” – autoimmune - to assess autoimmune disease; (3) pattern “I” – inflammation - to assess thyroid inflammation/infection diseases.

Results and conclusions

Such a system could (1) cover the current lack of standardized classification of parenchyma, (2) improve the accuracy of US operators, and (3) facilitate the exchange among thyroidologists (endocrinologists as first) and stakeholders.