Neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio is a predictor for all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in individuals with prediabetes in a National study

We aimed to investigate the value of the neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) in predicting the all-cause and cardiovascular mortality risk of individuals with prediabetes.

A total of 11,504 prediabetic patients from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2003–2016 were included in the present study. Mortality and the underlying cause of death were ascertained by linkage to National Death Index records through December 31, 2019. Restricted cubic spline (RCS) analysis was conducted to visualize the association between the NLR and mortality risk. The optimal NLR cutoff value corresponding to the most significant correlation with survival outcomes was calculated by the maximally selected rank statistics method (MSRSM). Weighted multivariable Cox regression models and subgroup analyses were used to calculate HRs and 95% CIs for all-cause and cardiovascular mortality.

During a median follow-up of 101 months (interquartile range, 64.0–138.0 months), 1654 (14.38%) deaths were documented, including 422 (3.67%) and 1232 (10.71%) due to cardiovascular and non-cardiovascular events, respectively. RCS regression analysis indicated that the NLR was positively associated with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality. Individuals were divided into lower (≤2.94) and higher (>2.94) NLR groups using the MSRSM. In the multivariable-adjusted model, compared with the lower NLR group, the higher NLR group had a HR of 1.63 (95% CI, 1.38–1.93) and 2.19 (95% CI, 1.55–3.01) for all-cause and cardiovascular mortality, respectively.

The NLR was a valuable marker for predicting all-cause and cardiovascular mortality risk in prediabetic patients.