Elucidating the effect of levothyroxine and triiodothyronine on methylglyoxal derived stress

Methylglyoxal (MG) is the most potent precursor during the formation of the advanced glycation end products (AGEs). MG-dependent glycative stress contributes to pathogenesis of diabetes, age-related disorders, and cancer. There is a great need to study the reduction process of glycative stress for effective management of metabolic disorders. From natural compounds to synthetic drugs, each element contributes to the reduction of glycative stress. Previously, it was established that the lowering of uric acid, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and urine albumin excretion rate, as well as reducing total oxidative stress, were all achieved more effectively with a levothyroxine regimen. Still, there is no such study found that supports the MG-dependent glycative stress reduction with thyroid hormone compound. Our study aims to investigate the effects of T3 and T4 on MG-dependent glycative stress.

The antiglycation effect was assayed through NBT assay, DNPH assay, ELISA, and fluorescence spectrophotometer. The intracellular reduction in reactive oxygen species (ROS) has been estimated through confocal microscopy.

The results revealed an effective reduction in the formation of AGEs adducts and intracellular ROS formation.

The investigation concludes AGEs formation was suppressed using these compounds, although in vivo and rigorous clinical trials are required in order to verify these findings.