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Background <p>Residual pulmonary vascular obstruction (RPVO) persists in a substantial proportion of patients after acute pulmonary embolism (PE) despite adequate anticoagulation and is associated with long-term functional impairment. Angiogenesis plays a central role in thrombus resolution and vascular repair. In a recent prospective study, lower circulating CD34⁺ cell levels at follow-up were associated with the presence of RPVO, suggesting impaired regenerative and angiogenic capacity in patients with persistent perfusion defects. Whether classical circulating angiogenic biomarkers reflect this process remains unknown.</p> Objective <p>To assess the relationship between angiogenic marker levels and the presence of RPVO ≥10% after an episode of PE.</p> Patients and Methods <p>This single-center retrospective study included patients diagnosed with acute PE who received at least three months of anticoagulant therapy between January 1999 and June 2006. During the follow-up consultation, performed 6–12 months after PE diagnosis, patients underwent a ventilation/perfusion lung scan, and peripheral blood sampling for plasma biobanking. Angiogenic markers (VEGF-A, FGF-2, PlGF, MMP-1, MMP-8, endoglin, and endostatin) were measured in plasma samples collected at this visit. Levels were compared between patients with a perfusion defect (RPVO ≥10%) and those without (RPVO &lt;10%) on ventilation/perfusion scintigraphy.</p> Results <p>Among 126 patients evaluated 6 to 12 months after a PE diagnosis, 39 (31%) had RPVO ≥10%. Median levels of VEGF-A, FGF-2, PlGF, MMP-1, MMP-8, endostatin, and endoglin did not significantly differ between patients with RPVO ≥10% and those with RPVO &lt;10%.</p> Conclusion <p>None of the angiogenic markers measured reflected the perfusion defect observed in patients.</p>

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Circulating Biomarkers of Vascular Regeneration are not Associated with Residual Pulmonary Vascular Obstruction after Pulmonary Embolism: A Retrospective Observational Biomarker Study

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月6日

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  • Menfild Margotonne,
  • Nicolas Gendron,
  • Olivier Sanchez,
  • Samuel Benarroch,
  • Alexandre G. Lellouch,
  • Katharina Rus,
  • Isabelle Mahé,
  • Dominique Helley,
  • David M. Smadja

摘要

Background

Residual pulmonary vascular obstruction (RPVO) persists in a substantial proportion of patients after acute pulmonary embolism (PE) despite adequate anticoagulation and is associated with long-term functional impairment. Angiogenesis plays a central role in thrombus resolution and vascular repair. In a recent prospective study, lower circulating CD34⁺ cell levels at follow-up were associated with the presence of RPVO, suggesting impaired regenerative and angiogenic capacity in patients with persistent perfusion defects. Whether classical circulating angiogenic biomarkers reflect this process remains unknown.

Objective

To assess the relationship between angiogenic marker levels and the presence of RPVO ≥10% after an episode of PE.

Patients and Methods

This single-center retrospective study included patients diagnosed with acute PE who received at least three months of anticoagulant therapy between January 1999 and June 2006. During the follow-up consultation, performed 6–12 months after PE diagnosis, patients underwent a ventilation/perfusion lung scan, and peripheral blood sampling for plasma biobanking. Angiogenic markers (VEGF-A, FGF-2, PlGF, MMP-1, MMP-8, endoglin, and endostatin) were measured in plasma samples collected at this visit. Levels were compared between patients with a perfusion defect (RPVO ≥10%) and those without (RPVO <10%) on ventilation/perfusion scintigraphy.

Results

Among 126 patients evaluated 6 to 12 months after a PE diagnosis, 39 (31%) had RPVO ≥10%. Median levels of VEGF-A, FGF-2, PlGF, MMP-1, MMP-8, endostatin, and endoglin did not significantly differ between patients with RPVO ≥10% and those with RPVO <10%.

Conclusion

None of the angiogenic markers measured reflected the perfusion defect observed in patients.