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<p>This study mainly aims to fabricate <i>Sargassum tenerrimum</i> extract loaded nanochitosan (STNC) as a bioactive platform for textile and potential application in biomedicine. <i>S. tenerrimum</i> natural bioactive compounds were encapsuled in chitosan nanoparticles to improve their anti-bacterial, anti-oxidant, cytotoxic and textile functionalization effects. The presence of the extract, which is composed of phytochemicals but not limited to phenolic compounds, ketones, and amides, was confirmed through GC-MS and FT-IR analysis. The extract was encapsulated in chitosan nanoparticles by ionic gelation method. UV–visible spectroscopy, FT–IR, XRD, zeta potential analysis (+ 32 mV), and dynamic light scattering techniques were employed to characterize the synthesized STNCs, which showed the mean size of the particle to be 189.4 d.nm. The loading ability and encapsulation effectiveness were found to be 69.99 ± 0.67% and 74.3 ± 0.7%, respectively. Antibacterial studies indicated an increase in the activity of STNC with MIC at 250 micrograms per millilitre against <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> and 200 micrograms per millilitre against <i>Escherichia coli</i>. DPPH assay confirmed significant antioxidant activity. The MTT assay revealed dose-dependent cytotoxicity against A549 lung cancer cells, with STNC showing higher efficacy (IC₅₀ = 20 ± 0.2&#xa0;µg/mL) than the crude extract (IC₅₀ = 24 ± 0.5&#xa0;µg/mL). PI and AO/EtBr staining confirmed apoptosis-related cellular changes. The formulation also exhibited low toxicity toward HEK293 normal cells, indicating selective anticancer potential. Furthermore, ST- and STNC-functionalized cotton fabrics exhibited enhanced antibacterial activity with good colour and wash-fastness properties, demonstrating their potential for antimicrobial textile and biomedical applications.</p>

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Sargassum tenerrimum Extract-Loaded Functional Nanochitosan with Enhanced Antimicrobial, Antioxidant and Cytotoxic Activity for Bioactive Textile Coatings

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月25日

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  • Yuvaneka Saravanan,
  • Srimurali Sampath,
  • Renuka Saravanan,
  • Sumathi C. Samiappan

摘要

This study mainly aims to fabricate Sargassum tenerrimum extract loaded nanochitosan (STNC) as a bioactive platform for textile and potential application in biomedicine. S. tenerrimum natural bioactive compounds were encapsuled in chitosan nanoparticles to improve their anti-bacterial, anti-oxidant, cytotoxic and textile functionalization effects. The presence of the extract, which is composed of phytochemicals but not limited to phenolic compounds, ketones, and amides, was confirmed through GC-MS and FT-IR analysis. The extract was encapsulated in chitosan nanoparticles by ionic gelation method. UV–visible spectroscopy, FT–IR, XRD, zeta potential analysis (+ 32 mV), and dynamic light scattering techniques were employed to characterize the synthesized STNCs, which showed the mean size of the particle to be 189.4 d.nm. The loading ability and encapsulation effectiveness were found to be 69.99 ± 0.67% and 74.3 ± 0.7%, respectively. Antibacterial studies indicated an increase in the activity of STNC with MIC at 250 micrograms per millilitre against Staphylococcus aureus and 200 micrograms per millilitre against Escherichia coli. DPPH assay confirmed significant antioxidant activity. The MTT assay revealed dose-dependent cytotoxicity against A549 lung cancer cells, with STNC showing higher efficacy (IC₅₀ = 20 ± 0.2 µg/mL) than the crude extract (IC₅₀ = 24 ± 0.5 µg/mL). PI and AO/EtBr staining confirmed apoptosis-related cellular changes. The formulation also exhibited low toxicity toward HEK293 normal cells, indicating selective anticancer potential. Furthermore, ST- and STNC-functionalized cotton fabrics exhibited enhanced antibacterial activity with good colour and wash-fastness properties, demonstrating their potential for antimicrobial textile and biomedical applications.