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<p>PANoptosis is an emerging concept encompassing multiple regulated cell death (RCD) pathways, which converge to orchestrate immune responses and maintain tissue homeostasis. The present review aimed to highlight the intricate molecular mechanisms underlying PANoptosis, with key regulatory nodes involving inflammasomes, caspases, receptor-interacting protein kinases (RIPKs), and mixed lineage kinase domain-like protein (MLKL). The current crosstalk among these pathways allows cells to fine-tune their responses to infection, inflammation, and cellular stress. Dysregulation of PANoptosis has been implicated in various pathological conditions, autoimmune disorders, and neurodegeneration. The controlled PANoptotic activation can enhance host defense mechanisms, aberrant or excessive activation contributes to tissue damage and chronic inflammation. This study findings suggested that targeting key molecular regulators of PANoptosis may offer novel therapeutic strategies for modulating disease outcomes. This present article offers a comprehensive overview of the molecular underpinnings of PANoptosis, regulatory networks, and implications in disease pathogenesis pathways to mitigate disease progression.</p>

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PANoptosis: Molecular Mechanisms, Regulatory Pathways, and Implications in Disease Pathogenesis

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年9月27日

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  • Md. Rayhan Chowdhury,
  • Md. Faruk Hasan

摘要

PANoptosis is an emerging concept encompassing multiple regulated cell death (RCD) pathways, which converge to orchestrate immune responses and maintain tissue homeostasis. The present review aimed to highlight the intricate molecular mechanisms underlying PANoptosis, with key regulatory nodes involving inflammasomes, caspases, receptor-interacting protein kinases (RIPKs), and mixed lineage kinase domain-like protein (MLKL). The current crosstalk among these pathways allows cells to fine-tune their responses to infection, inflammation, and cellular stress. Dysregulation of PANoptosis has been implicated in various pathological conditions, autoimmune disorders, and neurodegeneration. The controlled PANoptotic activation can enhance host defense mechanisms, aberrant or excessive activation contributes to tissue damage and chronic inflammation. This study findings suggested that targeting key molecular regulators of PANoptosis may offer novel therapeutic strategies for modulating disease outcomes. This present article offers a comprehensive overview of the molecular underpinnings of PANoptosis, regulatory networks, and implications in disease pathogenesis pathways to mitigate disease progression.