<p>Extended exposure to heavy metals, even at low concentrations, can negatively affect human semen quality and may contribute to male infertility. Therefore, this study was designed to provide firsthand information on the prevalence of elements in human seminal plasma and identify potential associations between levels of elements and semen quality parameters (motility, count, and morphology) of the Jordanian population. The concentrations of 17 elements in 97 seminal plasma samples were determined simultaneously using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Among all analyzed elements, <sup>48</sup>Ca and <sup>52</sup>Cr were found to be the most abundant in the seminal fluid. No significant associations were observed between the concentration of essential elements and sperm morphology or count. However, elevated concentrations of <sup>115</sup>In and <sup>114</sup>Cd were strongly associated with reduced sperm motility and abnormal sperm morphology, indicating their potential reproductive toxicity. Moreover, significant associations were observed between low sperm motility and higher concentrations of <sup>51</sup>V and <sup>75</sup>As. Interestingly, semen samples with normal parameters exhibited higher levels of <sup>69</sup>Ga, whereas samples with reduced motility were associated with elevated levels of essential elements including <sup>55</sup>Mn, <sup>52</sup>Cr, and <sup>48</sup>Ca. The validation parameters showed good reliability for the ICP-MS method, with good linearity (R<sup>2</sup> ˃ 0.997), and relative standard deviations (%RSD) below 5% for all target elements. This study examined several elements that have not been previously reported in the literature regarding seminal fluid, thereby providing new insights and contributing novel data to the existing body of scientific knowledge.</p>

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Associations of Semen Quality with Essential and Non-Essential Elements in Seminal Fluid

  • Adnan M. Massadeh,
  • Osamah Batiha,
  • Waad E. Abu Diak,
  • Hanan M. Hammouri,
  • Raghad Abu Diak,
  • Mothanna Nawafleh

摘要

Extended exposure to heavy metals, even at low concentrations, can negatively affect human semen quality and may contribute to male infertility. Therefore, this study was designed to provide firsthand information on the prevalence of elements in human seminal plasma and identify potential associations between levels of elements and semen quality parameters (motility, count, and morphology) of the Jordanian population. The concentrations of 17 elements in 97 seminal plasma samples were determined simultaneously using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Among all analyzed elements, 48Ca and 52Cr were found to be the most abundant in the seminal fluid. No significant associations were observed between the concentration of essential elements and sperm morphology or count. However, elevated concentrations of 115In and 114Cd were strongly associated with reduced sperm motility and abnormal sperm morphology, indicating their potential reproductive toxicity. Moreover, significant associations were observed between low sperm motility and higher concentrations of 51V and 75As. Interestingly, semen samples with normal parameters exhibited higher levels of 69Ga, whereas samples with reduced motility were associated with elevated levels of essential elements including 55Mn, 52Cr, and 48Ca. The validation parameters showed good reliability for the ICP-MS method, with good linearity (R2 ˃ 0.997), and relative standard deviations (%RSD) below 5% for all target elements. This study examined several elements that have not been previously reported in the literature regarding seminal fluid, thereby providing new insights and contributing novel data to the existing body of scientific knowledge.