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<p>Selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) are widely used for their effective antioxidative, anti-tumor, and antibacterial properties with minimal toxicity. Developing eco-friendly and simple synthesis methods for SeNPs with improved bioactivity, biocompatibility, and stability is crucial. This study synthesized bioactive SeNPs using extracts from the traditional Chinese medicine <i>Pinellia ternata</i> as a stabilizing agent. SeNPs were characterized to have an amorphous structure, spherical shape, uniform dispersion, and an average diameter of 54.6&#xa0;nm. They had a surface charge of − 28.2&#xa0;mV, enhancing stability through interactions with compounds in <i>Pinellia ternata</i> extracts. The synthesized SeNPs demonstrated strong antioxidant and antibacterial properties in vitro, outperforming Na<sub>2</sub>SeO<sub>3</sub> and <i>Pinellia ternata</i> extracts. Specifically, SeNPs showed bacteriostatic activity against <i>Escherichia coli</i> (<i>E. coli</i>) at 120, 240, and 480&#xa0;µg/mL, with a lasting effect at 480&#xa0;µg/mL after 23&#xa0;h. <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (<i>S. aureus</i>) was more sensitive, with significant antimicrobial and bactericidal effects at 15, 30, and 60&#xa0;µg/mL, achieving complete inhibition at 60&#xa0;µg/mL after 20&#xa0;h. In zebrafish exposure experiments, SeNPs at low (0.2&#xa0;mg/L) and medium (0.5&#xa0;mg/L) concentrations enhanced antioxidant enzyme activities in the liver without inducing significant acute toxicity, whereas high concentrations (1&#xa0;mg/L) resulted in oxidative damage to the liver and gills. This study introduces a novel method for synthesizing a stable SeNP-herbal medicine extracts composite with outstanding biological activity and biosafety, potentially expanding the applications of herbal medicine beyond traditional antioxidant and antimicrobial treatments.</p>

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From Tradition to Innovation: Pinellia ternata Extracts Stabilized Selenium Nanoparticles for Enhanced Bioactivity

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年3月6日

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  • Quanxiu Wang,
  • Zijin Chen,
  • Xinya Xu,
  • Kaixin Dai,
  • Xiujie Li,
  • Hui Lu,
  • Shujun Wei,
  • Zhenyu Lian,
  • Leilei Guo

摘要

Selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) are widely used for their effective antioxidative, anti-tumor, and antibacterial properties with minimal toxicity. Developing eco-friendly and simple synthesis methods for SeNPs with improved bioactivity, biocompatibility, and stability is crucial. This study synthesized bioactive SeNPs using extracts from the traditional Chinese medicine Pinellia ternata as a stabilizing agent. SeNPs were characterized to have an amorphous structure, spherical shape, uniform dispersion, and an average diameter of 54.6 nm. They had a surface charge of − 28.2 mV, enhancing stability through interactions with compounds in Pinellia ternata extracts. The synthesized SeNPs demonstrated strong antioxidant and antibacterial properties in vitro, outperforming Na2SeO3 and Pinellia ternata extracts. Specifically, SeNPs showed bacteriostatic activity against Escherichia coli (E. coli) at 120, 240, and 480 µg/mL, with a lasting effect at 480 µg/mL after 23 h. Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) was more sensitive, with significant antimicrobial and bactericidal effects at 15, 30, and 60 µg/mL, achieving complete inhibition at 60 µg/mL after 20 h. In zebrafish exposure experiments, SeNPs at low (0.2 mg/L) and medium (0.5 mg/L) concentrations enhanced antioxidant enzyme activities in the liver without inducing significant acute toxicity, whereas high concentrations (1 mg/L) resulted in oxidative damage to the liver and gills. This study introduces a novel method for synthesizing a stable SeNP-herbal medicine extracts composite with outstanding biological activity and biosafety, potentially expanding the applications of herbal medicine beyond traditional antioxidant and antimicrobial treatments.