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<p>Lignin, a phenolic polymer, can be depolymerized into aromatic monomers. However, the high reactivities of the resulting aromatic compounds lead to undesirable repolymerization reactions. In this study, hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) was performed using a glycerol-based solvent system to inhibit repolymerization and enhance the yield of aromatic monomers. Experiments were conducted at 250–400&#xa0;°C for 30&#xa0;min under various catalyst conditions (Pt/C, Ru/C, and Ni/Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>), and the resulting oils were fractionated into heavy and light oils for further characterization. At 400&#xa0;°C, the bio-oil yield under the water-only condition was 24.12 wt%, whereas the addition of glycerol increased the yield to 33.98 wt%. The gas yield also increased, indicating that aqueous-phase reforming of glycerol occurred. The proportion of aromatic monomers increased with the addition of glycerol, with carbon numbers concentrated in the C<sub>6</sub>–C<sub>8</sub> range. The energy yield increased from 30.53 wt% to 46.75 wt%, accompanied by an improvement in the combustibility characteristic index. These findings confirm that the addition of glycerol to water during HTL can effectively enhance the quality and energy performance of lignin-derived bio-oil.</p>

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Enhancing the Properties of Lignin-Derived Bio-Oil via Glycerol-Based Hydrothermal Liquefaction

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月4日

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  • Hyeok Sung Im,
  • Byung Hwan Um

摘要

Lignin, a phenolic polymer, can be depolymerized into aromatic monomers. However, the high reactivities of the resulting aromatic compounds lead to undesirable repolymerization reactions. In this study, hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) was performed using a glycerol-based solvent system to inhibit repolymerization and enhance the yield of aromatic monomers. Experiments were conducted at 250–400 °C for 30 min under various catalyst conditions (Pt/C, Ru/C, and Ni/Al2O3), and the resulting oils were fractionated into heavy and light oils for further characterization. At 400 °C, the bio-oil yield under the water-only condition was 24.12 wt%, whereas the addition of glycerol increased the yield to 33.98 wt%. The gas yield also increased, indicating that aqueous-phase reforming of glycerol occurred. The proportion of aromatic monomers increased with the addition of glycerol, with carbon numbers concentrated in the C6–C8 range. The energy yield increased from 30.53 wt% to 46.75 wt%, accompanied by an improvement in the combustibility characteristic index. These findings confirm that the addition of glycerol to water during HTL can effectively enhance the quality and energy performance of lignin-derived bio-oil.