Pentatropis Capensis as a Novel Bioresource for Selenium Nanoparticle Synthesis: Insights into Biocompatibility, Cytotoxicity and in Vitro Toxicity Test on Zebrafish
摘要
Pentatropis capensis is traditionally used to treat several ailments, yet its potential as a bioresource for green nanotechnology remains unexplored. Selenium nanoparticles (Se NPs) synthesized via plant-based methods are gaining attention for their biomedical and environmental applications. In this study the synthesized Se NPs were characterized using DLS, TEM, SEM with EDAX, XRD, FTIR and UV–visible spectroscopy. UV analysis revealed a characteristic absorbance at 266 nm, SEM and TEM imaging demonstrated both spherical and rod-shaped nanoparticles, averaging 72 nm and 12 nm in size, respectively. EDAX confirmed elemental composition of Selenium (96%) and oxygen (4%). The PDI was recorded as 0.237 in DLS analysis. Antibacterial assays revealed a 16 mm inhibition zone against S. aureus at 100 µg/mL. Antioxidant potential was demonstrated with IC₅₀ values of 75.71 µg/mL (ABTS) and 72.85 µg/mL (DPPH), while TAC results highest OD value at 100 µg/mL is 0.51. Anti-inflammatory activities showed IC₅₀ values of 25.19 µg/mL (HRBC) and 55.55 µg/mL (albumin denaturation). Cytotoxicity testing on A431 epidermoid carcinoma cells revealed an IC50 of 56.69 µg/mL through MTT assay. Zebrafish embryo assays revealed developmental toxicity at concentrations ≥ 1 µg/mL. Photocatalytic degradation achieved 91% methylene blue removal within 70 min. These findings highlight their potential applications in nanomedicine and environmental remediation, with careful consideration of dose-dependent toxicity.