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<p>The bolted spherical joint (BSJ) is a critical component extensively employed in spatial grid structures. Nevertheless, the 300&#xa0;mm or larger diameter BSJs, urgently needed in engineering practice, is hard to manufacture. To better meet the manufacturing needs of large-diameter bolted spherical joints (LDBSJs) ranging from 300 to 800&#xa0;mm in diameter, a sphere center machining benchmark theory that integrates a 4-axis feed system and an automatic tool changing strategy was proposed, a Horizontal Bolted Spherical Machine Tool (HBSMT) specifically for machining LDBSJs was developed. The machine integrates milling, drilling, boring, and tapping capabilities into a single setup, streamlining the manufacturing process. Comprehensive machining tests and precision evaluations were conducted on LDBSJ samples with diameters of 300&#xa0;mm, 500&#xa0;mm, 700&#xa0;mm, and 800&#xa0;mm. The results revealed superior machining accuracy, with standard deviations for roundness, parallelism, center distance, perpendicularity, and angular deviation recorded at 0.112&#xa0;mm, 0.0255&#xa0;mm, 0.010&#xa0;mm, 0.0045&#xa0;mm, and 0.435′, respectively. Compared to conventional machine tools, this represents a threefold improvement in precision. Furthermore, the HBSMT offers a cost-effective alternative to current equipment of 5-axis machining centers, highlighting its potential for wide adoption in industrial applications.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>

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Automated manufacturing of large-diameter bolted spherical joints in spatial grid structures using a developed HBSMT CNC machine tool

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月21日

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  • Yongrun Zhao,
  • Wenfeng Du,
  • Zhijian Liu,
  • Jiarun Cai,
  • Yunsen Zhang,
  • Shilin Dong,
  • Mijia Yang

摘要

The bolted spherical joint (BSJ) is a critical component extensively employed in spatial grid structures. Nevertheless, the 300 mm or larger diameter BSJs, urgently needed in engineering practice, is hard to manufacture. To better meet the manufacturing needs of large-diameter bolted spherical joints (LDBSJs) ranging from 300 to 800 mm in diameter, a sphere center machining benchmark theory that integrates a 4-axis feed system and an automatic tool changing strategy was proposed, a Horizontal Bolted Spherical Machine Tool (HBSMT) specifically for machining LDBSJs was developed. The machine integrates milling, drilling, boring, and tapping capabilities into a single setup, streamlining the manufacturing process. Comprehensive machining tests and precision evaluations were conducted on LDBSJ samples with diameters of 300 mm, 500 mm, 700 mm, and 800 mm. The results revealed superior machining accuracy, with standard deviations for roundness, parallelism, center distance, perpendicularity, and angular deviation recorded at 0.112 mm, 0.0255 mm, 0.010 mm, 0.0045 mm, and 0.435′, respectively. Compared to conventional machine tools, this represents a threefold improvement in precision. Furthermore, the HBSMT offers a cost-effective alternative to current equipment of 5-axis machining centers, highlighting its potential for wide adoption in industrial applications.

Graphical abstract