Computational investigation of explosion avoidance system of multi tier Li-ion battery pack

The shift to electric mobility has sparked interest in batteries and primary energy storage systems for electric vehicles as a potential solution to environmental concerns about growing pollution levels caused by the use of conventional energy sources (fossil fuels). Thermal management of the battery pack is critical to maintaining an optimal temperature range and a consistent temperature profile. The authors quantitatively studied the performance of two proposed models of thermal management systems for multi-tier Li-ion battery packs using ethylene glycol and refrigerant R134a as cooling medium, with the purpose of contributing to 'UNESCO's' sustainable development goals. Parametric variation of coolant flow velocity (0.5 to 1 m/s) and coolant inlet temperature (277 to 300 K) on the thermal behavior of two model arrangements exhibits that for all flow velocities, Model 2 having double cooling tube with ethylene glycol dissipates the heat effectively with maximum 9.26% more outlet temperature than refrigerant R 134a and maximum outlet temperature rise of 45.04 °C, which leads to improved functionality and may extend the life of lithium-ion batteries.