Optimal designing of charging station integrated with solar and energy storage using GWO

Charging infrastructure is one of the critical factors in the growth of Electric vehicles (EVs). This paper provides a detailed model of charging stations. The modeling considers arrival, departure, waiting, battery capacity, state of charge, etc. The charging station is connected to the grid, solar panel, energy storage, and combination. This provides great help in achieving maximum profit and less energy demand from the grid. Simulation is performed with grey wolf optimization, Harris hawk optimization, genetic algorithm, and pattern search algorithm, and results are compared. The net present value is maximized by optimizing the parameters of the charging station. The demand for EVs is modeled by the probabilistic distribution and simulated with the Monte Carlo method. It is observed that grey wolf optimization provides maximum net present value in each case.