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<p>Solid lubricant coatings mitigate friction and wear in mechanical systems but often suffer from limited mechanical strength, durability, and interfacial adhesion. In this study, dendritic nano-silica (DFNS) was surface-modified with the silane coupling agent KH550 and combined with polyimide (PI) to reinforce an epoxy resin (EP) matrix, yielding PI/EP-DFNS composite lubricating coatings. At an optimal DFNS content of 4 wt%, the coating achieved an ultralow friction coefficient of 0.013, which is 91.8% lower than that of neat EP. The wear rate decreased by two orders of magnitude, and the microhardness increased by 53%. The improved performance is attributed to a synergistic mechanism: the dendritic DFNS structure acts as nano-micro bearings at the friction interface to reduce shear resistance, while tribochemical interactions promote a stable boundary film through Si-N coordination bonds. Molecular dynamics simulations further indicate enhanced interfacial adhesion in the composite system. These results provide an experimental basis for designing high-performance polymer-based lubricating coatings.</p>

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Experimental study on the lubrication mechanism of dendritic nano-silica/epoxy composite coatings

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月8日

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  • Lixiu Zhang,
  • Zhiqiang Huang,
  • Zhongliang Yang,
  • Zhenyu Yin,
  • Zhengxian Sun,
  • Xiaoyi Wei,
  • Ting Li

摘要

Solid lubricant coatings mitigate friction and wear in mechanical systems but often suffer from limited mechanical strength, durability, and interfacial adhesion. In this study, dendritic nano-silica (DFNS) was surface-modified with the silane coupling agent KH550 and combined with polyimide (PI) to reinforce an epoxy resin (EP) matrix, yielding PI/EP-DFNS composite lubricating coatings. At an optimal DFNS content of 4 wt%, the coating achieved an ultralow friction coefficient of 0.013, which is 91.8% lower than that of neat EP. The wear rate decreased by two orders of magnitude, and the microhardness increased by 53%. The improved performance is attributed to a synergistic mechanism: the dendritic DFNS structure acts as nano-micro bearings at the friction interface to reduce shear resistance, while tribochemical interactions promote a stable boundary film through Si-N coordination bonds. Molecular dynamics simulations further indicate enhanced interfacial adhesion in the composite system. These results provide an experimental basis for designing high-performance polymer-based lubricating coatings.