Scholarlink

<p>Lignin, an abundant aromatic biopolymer extracted from biomass sources, such as pine, rice husk, wheat straw, and aspen, has emerged as a sustainable precursor for bio-based flame-retardant (FR) systems aimed at wood protection. Its high carbon content, intrinsic char-forming ability, and renewability present an environmentally compatible alternative to conventional petrochemical-derived flame retardants. This mini-review outlines recent advances in lignin modification, including phosphorus-based functionalization, N/P co-functional chemistries, and hybrid formulations incorporating inorganic fillers. These modification and hybridization strategies significantly enhance fire performance, with reported improvements in limiting oxygen index (LOI &gt; 28%), compliance with standardized vertical burning classification such as UL-94&#xa0;V-0, and reduced peak heat-release metrics in cone-calorimetry assessments (pHRR reduction &gt; 40%), while retaining wood aesthetics. Scalable processing approaches such as spray coating, roll-to-roll deposition, layer-by-layer assembly, and wood impregnation techniques are also discussed. The review concludes with perspectives on industrial scalability and circular-economy integration, emphasizing design principles for developing durable, eco-efficient lignin-derived flame-retardant technologies suited to sustainable wood and wood-product applications.</p>

错误：搜索内容不能为空，请输入英文关键词
错误：关键词超出字数限制，请精简
高级检索

Lignin-based sustainable flame-retardant materials for wood and wood products: modifications, performance, and durability

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月22日

查看全文
  • Deepak Kumar Verma,
  • Deepa Sharma,
  • Purnima Jain,
  • Sweety Verma

摘要

Lignin, an abundant aromatic biopolymer extracted from biomass sources, such as pine, rice husk, wheat straw, and aspen, has emerged as a sustainable precursor for bio-based flame-retardant (FR) systems aimed at wood protection. Its high carbon content, intrinsic char-forming ability, and renewability present an environmentally compatible alternative to conventional petrochemical-derived flame retardants. This mini-review outlines recent advances in lignin modification, including phosphorus-based functionalization, N/P co-functional chemistries, and hybrid formulations incorporating inorganic fillers. These modification and hybridization strategies significantly enhance fire performance, with reported improvements in limiting oxygen index (LOI > 28%), compliance with standardized vertical burning classification such as UL-94 V-0, and reduced peak heat-release metrics in cone-calorimetry assessments (pHRR reduction > 40%), while retaining wood aesthetics. Scalable processing approaches such as spray coating, roll-to-roll deposition, layer-by-layer assembly, and wood impregnation techniques are also discussed. The review concludes with perspectives on industrial scalability and circular-economy integration, emphasizing design principles for developing durable, eco-efficient lignin-derived flame-retardant technologies suited to sustainable wood and wood-product applications.