Exploring gloss-dependent color shifts in solid samples: a multi-angle spectrophotometer analysis
摘要
The present study investigates the relationships of gloss levels to color measurements at different observation angles for solid color samples, based on measurements made using a multi-angle gonio-spectrophotometer. We analyzed seven distinct hues (green, yellow, red, blue, gray, black, and white) to ensure comprehensive coverage of color variations. Although goniochromatic effects are generally attributed to effect pigments, our research indicates that typical solid colors also exhibit considerable color variation with angle, especially at reduced gloss levels. We prepared 42 samples that varied in gloss levels, which displayed a strong inverse correlation between gloss and consistency of color with angles, and for low-gloss samples, we found those samples varied the most with viewing angle. In addition, darker and more saturated colors (such as black and red) showed greater variability than lighter colors (such as white and yellow), and we identified an important gloss threshold of around 40 gloss units, where below this level, color stability declines sharply. Comparative analysis across multiple reference angles (20°, 45°, 75°, and 110°) confirmed the robustness of these findings. These outcomes challenge the typical method of observing color based on a single angle and demonstrate the necessity of applying a multi-angle measurement to low-gloss solid colors. They also have implications for industries which maintain longstanding color quality requirements in terms of improving color quality specifications and measurement for the long-term.