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Abstract <p>In cold regions, effective ice removal from concrete structures and rock tunnels is crucial for ensuring safety and integrity. Microwave-absorbing materials have gained attention for their ability to significantly increase deicing efficiency. This study was conducted to systematically investigate eight microwave absorbers, including carbon-based, ceramic-based, and metal-based materials, using microwave cavity irradiation to identify their heating characteristics. The results showed that the heating rates of the carbon fiber and carbon black exceeded 40°C/s. Further experiments focused on microwave-sensitive coatings with carbon black as the absorber and epoxy resin as the binder. In single-sided microwave radiation tests, the effects of different conditions, coating properties, and substrates on heating were explored. Compared with a low power and long duration (1&#xa0;kW × 60&#xa0;s), a high power and short duration (2&#xa0;kW × 30&#xa0;s) resulted in more than double the heating rate. The optimal irradiation distance and coating ratio were 3–5&#xa0;cm and 0.2:1, respectively, while variation in the coating thickness had a negligible effect. The heating performance of different substrates was in the order of ideal medium, wave-transparent medium, and ideal electric conductor from highest to lowest. This research provides an efficient microwave-sensitive coating solution and foundational basis for the application of microwave technology in deicing engineering applications.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>

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Preparation method, microwave operating conditions, and heating mechanism interpretation of a microwave-sensitive coating for surface deicing of engineering structures

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年7月11日

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  • Huaiguang Xiao,
  • Yueyang Li,
  • Yifan Wang,
  • Lei He

摘要

Abstract

In cold regions, effective ice removal from concrete structures and rock tunnels is crucial for ensuring safety and integrity. Microwave-absorbing materials have gained attention for their ability to significantly increase deicing efficiency. This study was conducted to systematically investigate eight microwave absorbers, including carbon-based, ceramic-based, and metal-based materials, using microwave cavity irradiation to identify their heating characteristics. The results showed that the heating rates of the carbon fiber and carbon black exceeded 40°C/s. Further experiments focused on microwave-sensitive coatings with carbon black as the absorber and epoxy resin as the binder. In single-sided microwave radiation tests, the effects of different conditions, coating properties, and substrates on heating were explored. Compared with a low power and long duration (1 kW × 60 s), a high power and short duration (2 kW × 30 s) resulted in more than double the heating rate. The optimal irradiation distance and coating ratio were 3–5 cm and 0.2:1, respectively, while variation in the coating thickness had a negligible effect. The heating performance of different substrates was in the order of ideal medium, wave-transparent medium, and ideal electric conductor from highest to lowest. This research provides an efficient microwave-sensitive coating solution and foundational basis for the application of microwave technology in deicing engineering applications.

Graphical abstract