Novel Zein/Choline Chloride Composite Nanoparticles for Preparing Curcumin-Loaded Pickering Emulsion and Application in Electrospun Fibers: Mechanical Properties and In Vitro Sustained Release
摘要
Novel nanoparticles composed of zein/choline chloride were effectively synthesized by combining various mass ratios of 3:1, 2:1, 1:1, 1:2, and 1:3 (ratio of zein to choline chloride w/w). The zein/choline chloride composite nanoparticles with ratios of 3:1 and 2:1 exhibited contact angles nearing 90° (94.72° and 87.68°, respectively), demonstrating appropriate wettability for the formulation of oil-in-water Pickering emulsions. The successful interaction between zein and choline chloride nanoparticles was validated through FTIR analysis. The size distribution of the zein/choline chloride composite nanoparticles, as assessed by DLS tests and TEM imaging, showed good correlation. The novel formulated composite nanoparticles (at ratios of 3:1 and 2:1) were utilized as colloidal particles to create a Pickering emulsion containing curcumin, and their application (5, 10, and 15% v/v) was examined within the structure of electrospun zein fibers. FESEM images of the electrospun zein fibers indicated that the incorporation of a Pickering emulsion containing curcumin at levels exceeding 10% resulted in bead formation within the electrospun fibers. The tensile strength, Young’s modulus, and elongation at break were improved due to the incorporation of Pickering emulsions containing curcumin. A sustained release of curcumin was noted over 60 days in various food simulant media. Fickian diffusion was identified as the primary mechanism governing the release of curcumin in these simulated conditions. Furthermore, the Peppas-Sahlin model was determined to be the most suitable model for characterizing the release profile of curcumin.