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<p>Rice bran, an abundant by-product of rice milling, represents a promising lignocellulosic source for nanocellulose production. This study investigated the effect of electron beam (E-beam) pretreatment (0–96&#xa0;kGy) on the extraction and structure of CNC-rich nanocrystalline cellulose (RB-CNCs). At low to intermediate doses (12–24&#xa0;kGy), irradiation selectively disrupted amorphous domains and increased hydroxyl accessibility, facilitating partial defibrillation and yielding a more homogeneous hydrodynamic size distribution (lower PDI) while preserving cellulose I crystallinity (CrI decreased slightly from 65.4 to 63.2%). In this range, the extraction yield (27%) and ζ-potential (− 33&#xa0;mV) reached their highest values. In contrast, excessive irradiation (48–96&#xa0;kGy) induced uncontrolled chain scission, reduced crystallinity (CrI 59.3%), and promoted the formation of compact aggregates with lower surface charge. Differential scanning calorimetry revealed a gradual decline in enthalpy (<i>ΔH</i>), consistent with progressive weakening of hydrogen bonding across the dose range. These findings identify 12–24&#xa0;kGy as the optimal irradiation window for the efficient, solvent-free conversion of rice bran into structurally stable nanocellulose, providing a scalable pathway for applications in biopolymers and sustainable packaging.</p>

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Multiscale Structural Response of Rice Bran Cellulose to Electron Beam Pretreatment

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月21日

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  • Khamiddolov Temirlan,
  • Xinyu Wang,
  • Li Niu,
  • Xiangrui Ren,
  • Wenhao Li

摘要

Rice bran, an abundant by-product of rice milling, represents a promising lignocellulosic source for nanocellulose production. This study investigated the effect of electron beam (E-beam) pretreatment (0–96 kGy) on the extraction and structure of CNC-rich nanocrystalline cellulose (RB-CNCs). At low to intermediate doses (12–24 kGy), irradiation selectively disrupted amorphous domains and increased hydroxyl accessibility, facilitating partial defibrillation and yielding a more homogeneous hydrodynamic size distribution (lower PDI) while preserving cellulose I crystallinity (CrI decreased slightly from 65.4 to 63.2%). In this range, the extraction yield (27%) and ζ-potential (− 33 mV) reached their highest values. In contrast, excessive irradiation (48–96 kGy) induced uncontrolled chain scission, reduced crystallinity (CrI 59.3%), and promoted the formation of compact aggregates with lower surface charge. Differential scanning calorimetry revealed a gradual decline in enthalpy (ΔH), consistent with progressive weakening of hydrogen bonding across the dose range. These findings identify 12–24 kGy as the optimal irradiation window for the efficient, solvent-free conversion of rice bran into structurally stable nanocellulose, providing a scalable pathway for applications in biopolymers and sustainable packaging.