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<p>To achieve uniform heating of low-moisture powder foods during RF processing, material-assisted control of the electromagnetic field is applied. This study aims to elucidate the mechanisms by which different types of materials influence local dielectric responses and to assess their impact on differential heating. A 27.12 MHz, 6 kW parallel-plate RF system was used to systematically investigate the local heating behaviour and the effects of material placement for conductive targets (iron, aluminium, copper), insulating targets (plastic, glass, ceramic), and dielectric targets (high, medium, and low dielectric samples) within powder matrices. Results showed that high-dielectric targets increased local temperatures by 21.4 °C, whereas conductive and insulating targets reduced temperatures by 12.2 °C and 9.2 °C, respectively. A predictive model based on experimental data linked target diameter and position to temperature changes. Separate models were established for different material types, quantitatively revealing the coupling mechanisms between material properties, spatial arrangement, and local temperature response. The results show that manipulating local thermal and dielectric effects via target materials can selectively suppress hotspots and fill low-temperature regions, thereby enhancing the uniformity of RF heating. These results provide both a theoretical basis and practical guidance for high-precision, controllable RF powder processing, supporting improved uniformity, energy efficiency, and product quality in low-moisture powder food manufacturing.</p>

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A Coupled Mechanistic Basis for Material Assisted Regulation of RF Heating Uniformity in Low Moisture Powdered Foods

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月21日

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  • Pengyu Qin,
  • Jiaqi Ma,
  • Da Tang,
  • Shuran Yang,
  • Shaojin Wang,
  • Zhi Huang

摘要

To achieve uniform heating of low-moisture powder foods during RF processing, material-assisted control of the electromagnetic field is applied. This study aims to elucidate the mechanisms by which different types of materials influence local dielectric responses and to assess their impact on differential heating. A 27.12 MHz, 6 kW parallel-plate RF system was used to systematically investigate the local heating behaviour and the effects of material placement for conductive targets (iron, aluminium, copper), insulating targets (plastic, glass, ceramic), and dielectric targets (high, medium, and low dielectric samples) within powder matrices. Results showed that high-dielectric targets increased local temperatures by 21.4 °C, whereas conductive and insulating targets reduced temperatures by 12.2 °C and 9.2 °C, respectively. A predictive model based on experimental data linked target diameter and position to temperature changes. Separate models were established for different material types, quantitatively revealing the coupling mechanisms between material properties, spatial arrangement, and local temperature response. The results show that manipulating local thermal and dielectric effects via target materials can selectively suppress hotspots and fill low-temperature regions, thereby enhancing the uniformity of RF heating. These results provide both a theoretical basis and practical guidance for high-precision, controllable RF powder processing, supporting improved uniformity, energy efficiency, and product quality in low-moisture powder food manufacturing.