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<p>Fresh blueberries are typically stored and transported under refrigeration to extend their shelf life; however, spoilage caused by microbial contamination remains a major concern. Recently, light-emitting diode (LED) technology has emerged as a potential non-thermal preservation method to complement refrigeration. This study investigated the efficacy of various intermittent LED illumination regimes (2, 3, 6, and 12&#xa0;h per day) in controlling artificially inoculated fungal pathogens (<i>Cladosporium cladosporioides</i> and <i>Penicillium sclerotiorum</i>) and natural microflora on blueberries at 4&#xa0;°C, as well as their impact on fruit quality. All LED treatments significantly reduced fungal populations from ~ 4.1 log CFU/g, with the 12-h regimen achieving the greatest reduction (2.81 log CFU/g) by day 6, followed by 6-h (2.39 log CFU/g), and shorter cycle exposures (2 and 3&#xa0;h) showing moderate reductions. Complete fungal inactivation was observed by day 8 across all LED regimens. Total aerobic bacteria counts increased in controls but decreased by 2.04 to 3.37 log CFU/g under LED treatments, with the 12-h regimen being most effective. After 8&#xa0;days, fruit decay incidence was lowest in the 12-h cycle (0%), followed by 6-h (6.67%), 3-h (8.33%), and 2-h (13.33%) treatments, all lower than controls (18.33%). Although the 12-h regimen provided superior microbial control, the 6-h regimen better preserved key fruit quality attributes, including firmness, weight loss, visual appearance, color, total soluble solids, and pH throughout storage. Additionally, the efficacy of the 6-h regimen was also further validated at a higher storage temperature (10&#xa0;°C). Overall, these findings suggest that intermittent LED illumination, particularly the 6-h per day regimen, is a promising non-thermal strategy to enhance microbial safety and maintain postharvest quality of blueberries during cold storage.</p>

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Intermittent LED Regimes Enhance Microbial Safety and Quality of Postharvest Blueberries During Cold Storage

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月1日

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  • Xinpeng Yu,
  • Ziqian Zhang,
  • Yuan Zou,
  • Hyun-Gyun Yuk,
  • Qianwang Zheng

摘要

Fresh blueberries are typically stored and transported under refrigeration to extend their shelf life; however, spoilage caused by microbial contamination remains a major concern. Recently, light-emitting diode (LED) technology has emerged as a potential non-thermal preservation method to complement refrigeration. This study investigated the efficacy of various intermittent LED illumination regimes (2, 3, 6, and 12 h per day) in controlling artificially inoculated fungal pathogens (Cladosporium cladosporioides and Penicillium sclerotiorum) and natural microflora on blueberries at 4 °C, as well as their impact on fruit quality. All LED treatments significantly reduced fungal populations from ~ 4.1 log CFU/g, with the 12-h regimen achieving the greatest reduction (2.81 log CFU/g) by day 6, followed by 6-h (2.39 log CFU/g), and shorter cycle exposures (2 and 3 h) showing moderate reductions. Complete fungal inactivation was observed by day 8 across all LED regimens. Total aerobic bacteria counts increased in controls but decreased by 2.04 to 3.37 log CFU/g under LED treatments, with the 12-h regimen being most effective. After 8 days, fruit decay incidence was lowest in the 12-h cycle (0%), followed by 6-h (6.67%), 3-h (8.33%), and 2-h (13.33%) treatments, all lower than controls (18.33%). Although the 12-h regimen provided superior microbial control, the 6-h regimen better preserved key fruit quality attributes, including firmness, weight loss, visual appearance, color, total soluble solids, and pH throughout storage. Additionally, the efficacy of the 6-h regimen was also further validated at a higher storage temperature (10 °C). Overall, these findings suggest that intermittent LED illumination, particularly the 6-h per day regimen, is a promising non-thermal strategy to enhance microbial safety and maintain postharvest quality of blueberries during cold storage.