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<p>This study describes a sustainable approach for chemical extraction of four edible insects (EIs) through supercritical CO<sub>2</sub> (scCO<sub>2</sub>) technology (32.5&#xa0;MPa, 55&#xa0;°C, 45, 75&#xa0;min). High degree of defatting (70–94%) for the four species studied, namely yellow mealworm (<i>Tenebrio molitor</i>), house cricket (<i>Acheta domesticus</i>), lesser mealworm (<i>Alphitobius diaperinus</i>) and locust (<i>Locusta migratoria</i>) was accomplished at only 75&#xa0;min extraction time. An enhanced protein content (70–75%) in the post-extraction defatted solid occurred consequently considering the initial 50–60% found in the raw materials, proving this solid to be adaptable for sustainable practises in food. Recovered oils were characterised by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) and more deeply by Gas Chromatography with Flame Ion Detection (GC-FID), noting a valuable oleic and linoleic acid content (up to 50 and 30%, respectively). With a perspective of implementation in the food sector the scalability of the process was tested at bench scale and evidenced by the positive defatting achieved (73–78% for lesser mealworm). This work promotes green practices in food through the application of highly efficient, process intensification protocols and the use of GRAS solvents.</p>

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From Oil to Cake: Sustainable Recovery of Nutrients and Bioactives from Edible Insects (Tenebrio molitor, Acheta domesticus, Alphitobius diaperinus and Locusta migratoria) via Supercritical CO₂ and Analytical Profiling by NMR and GC-FID

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月6日

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  • Manuel Salgado-Ramos,
  • Min Wang,
  • Noelia Pallarés,
  • Francisco J. Martí-Quijal,
  • Juan M. Castagnini,
  • Francisco J. Barba

摘要

This study describes a sustainable approach for chemical extraction of four edible insects (EIs) through supercritical CO2 (scCO2) technology (32.5 MPa, 55 °C, 45, 75 min). High degree of defatting (70–94%) for the four species studied, namely yellow mealworm (Tenebrio molitor), house cricket (Acheta domesticus), lesser mealworm (Alphitobius diaperinus) and locust (Locusta migratoria) was accomplished at only 75 min extraction time. An enhanced protein content (70–75%) in the post-extraction defatted solid occurred consequently considering the initial 50–60% found in the raw materials, proving this solid to be adaptable for sustainable practises in food. Recovered oils were characterised by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) and more deeply by Gas Chromatography with Flame Ion Detection (GC-FID), noting a valuable oleic and linoleic acid content (up to 50 and 30%, respectively). With a perspective of implementation in the food sector the scalability of the process was tested at bench scale and evidenced by the positive defatting achieved (73–78% for lesser mealworm). This work promotes green practices in food through the application of highly efficient, process intensification protocols and the use of GRAS solvents.