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<p> Seaweeds serve as a promising biomass feedstock for the integrated production of food, biomaterials, and chemicals within a biorefinery. Subcritical water (ScW) was applied at 5 different temperatures: 120 °C, 150 °C 180 °C, 210 °C, and 240 °C, to obtain <i>Gelidium amansii</i> products (GAP) which were coded as GAP-120, GAP-150, GAP-180, GAP-210, and GAP-240, respectively. The contents of reducing sugar, total protein, and total phenolics of GAP ranged from 18.86 ± 0.92 to 82.25 ± 1.58 mg glucose, 7.74 ± 0.04 to 51.79 ± 0.02 mg bovine serum albumin (BSA), and 16.54 ± 0.30 to 88.95 ± 0.69 mg phloroglucinol (PGE), per g<sup>−1</sup> of GAP, respectively. The contents increased with elevation in temperature. The gel strength and molecular weight decreased with increase in reaction temperature. Antioxidant activity reached the highest level from GAP-210 and GAP-240. Angiotensin-I-converting-enzyme inhibition activity was strongest at 82.64% ± 0.04% of GAP-240. α-Glucosidase inhibition activity peaked at 87.78% ± 3.23% of GAP-210, with no significant difference with 83.37% ± 6.23% of GAP-240. Antibacterial activity showed concentration-dependent effects in the GAP at 180–240 °C. Tyrosinase inhibition was detected at GAP over 180 °C, where peaking at GAP-210 (68.38% ± 4.35%). Conclusively, subcritical water treatment was an effective method to process <i>Gelidium amansii</i> (GA), modifying its physicochemical and biological properties. This approach facilitates the integrated utilization of both agar and non-agar parts for applications in functional foods and cosmetic products.</p>

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Subcritical Water Treatment of Gelidium amansii for the Integrated Utilization of Agar and Non-agar Components: Physicochemical and In Vitro Bioactive Properties

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年5月19日

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  • Sin-Won Park,
  • Jin-Seok Park,
  • Md Sadek Ali,
  • Weerathunga Arachchige Shiran Chamika,
  • Jang-Woo Kim,
  • Byung-Soo Chun

摘要

Seaweeds serve as a promising biomass feedstock for the integrated production of food, biomaterials, and chemicals within a biorefinery. Subcritical water (ScW) was applied at 5 different temperatures: 120 °C, 150 °C 180 °C, 210 °C, and 240 °C, to obtain Gelidium amansii products (GAP) which were coded as GAP-120, GAP-150, GAP-180, GAP-210, and GAP-240, respectively. The contents of reducing sugar, total protein, and total phenolics of GAP ranged from 18.86 ± 0.92 to 82.25 ± 1.58 mg glucose, 7.74 ± 0.04 to 51.79 ± 0.02 mg bovine serum albumin (BSA), and 16.54 ± 0.30 to 88.95 ± 0.69 mg phloroglucinol (PGE), per g−1 of GAP, respectively. The contents increased with elevation in temperature. The gel strength and molecular weight decreased with increase in reaction temperature. Antioxidant activity reached the highest level from GAP-210 and GAP-240. Angiotensin-I-converting-enzyme inhibition activity was strongest at 82.64% ± 0.04% of GAP-240. α-Glucosidase inhibition activity peaked at 87.78% ± 3.23% of GAP-210, with no significant difference with 83.37% ± 6.23% of GAP-240. Antibacterial activity showed concentration-dependent effects in the GAP at 180–240 °C. Tyrosinase inhibition was detected at GAP over 180 °C, where peaking at GAP-210 (68.38% ± 4.35%). Conclusively, subcritical water treatment was an effective method to process Gelidium amansii (GA), modifying its physicochemical and biological properties. This approach facilitates the integrated utilization of both agar and non-agar parts for applications in functional foods and cosmetic products.