A Novel Enzyme-Assisted Pin-to-Plate Atmospheric Cold Plasma Extraction of Bioactive Compounds from Marigold (Tagetes erecta) Petals
摘要
The present study investigates the synergistic effect of Atmospheric Cold Plasma (ACP) and enzyme treatment on the extraction of 21 phenolic compounds from dried marigold petal powder in water. The enzyme conditions, including pH, temperature, time, and concentration, were optimized to achieve the best results regarding total organic, phenolic, and flavonoid content. While the enzyme parameters were maintained constant, various ACP parameters, such as voltage and exposure time, were evaluated to determine the optimal conditions. The highest total organic content (TOC) recorded was 89.33 ± 2.52 mg g−1, with a total phenolic content (TPC) of 13.33 ± 0.20 mg GAE g−1, and a total flavonoid content (TFC) of 15.68 ± 0.16 mg QE g−1 for samples treated at 200 V for 5 min. The phenolic compounds were identified using GC–MS scan mode and NIST library screening. The identified phenolic compounds were further relatively compared using the LC–MS/MS technique using MRM mode in different sets of samples like control, control-enzyme (no ACP treatment), and ACP-treated samples following enzymatic extraction. Overall, 12 phenolic compounds showed an increased trend of extraction treated at 200 V for 5 and 10 min. Six compounds showed enhanced extraction when treated at 170 V for 5 min and 3 compounds showed decreasing trend when treated with ACP. The process validation was carried out on three different batches using the optimized enzyme and ACP conditions and reports the S.D < 3.0 across different analytical estimations revealing the reproducibility and consistency in the process. The increased extraction rate varies from 15 to 120% compared to the control sample. This approach supports green technology in extracting bioactive compounds from medicinal flowers.