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Purpose of Review <p>There have been significant advancements in our understanding of Raynaud’s phenomenon since it was first described. This review offers a general overview on the pathogenesis, diagnostic evaluation, and treatment options for Raynaud’s phenomenon.</p> Recent Findings <p>It is important to distinguish between the primary and secondary forms of Raynaud’s phenomenon, each with its likely distinct pathogenetic pathway. Components of this pathway involve unique neural, vascular, intravascular, and signaling pathways. This explains the difference in each’s clinical presentation and diagnostic evaluation. Advances in the understanding of its pathogenesis bettered existing treatment options and provided novel treatment modalities.</p> Summary <p>To date, a standardized curative treatment algorithm remains elusive, and the management of Raynaud’s phenomenon aims on symptom relief, preventing potential tissue damage, and improving patients’ quality of life. The management of Raynaud’s phenomenon can be categorized into general measures (patient education), pharmacotherapies, and surgical therapies.</p>

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State-of-the-Art Overview of Diagnosis and Treatment of Raynaud’s Phenomenon

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年7月26日

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  • Samer Asmar,
  • Maya Serhal,
  • Robert Schainfeld,
  • Kenneth Rosenfield,
  • Sebastian Unizony,
  • Flavia V. Castelino,
  • Ido Weinberg,
  • Gaurav Parmar

摘要

Purpose of Review

There have been significant advancements in our understanding of Raynaud’s phenomenon since it was first described. This review offers a general overview on the pathogenesis, diagnostic evaluation, and treatment options for Raynaud’s phenomenon.

Recent Findings

It is important to distinguish between the primary and secondary forms of Raynaud’s phenomenon, each with its likely distinct pathogenetic pathway. Components of this pathway involve unique neural, vascular, intravascular, and signaling pathways. This explains the difference in each’s clinical presentation and diagnostic evaluation. Advances in the understanding of its pathogenesis bettered existing treatment options and provided novel treatment modalities.

Summary

To date, a standardized curative treatment algorithm remains elusive, and the management of Raynaud’s phenomenon aims on symptom relief, preventing potential tissue damage, and improving patients’ quality of life. The management of Raynaud’s phenomenon can be categorized into general measures (patient education), pharmacotherapies, and surgical therapies.