Post-Pulmonary Embolism Syndrome: Clinical Challenges and Management Strategies

The goal of this manuscript is to provide an overview of post-pulmonary embolism syndrome (PPES). Herein, we describe the pathophysiology, diagnosis, and management of PPES. Key concepts identified include distinguishing PPES from other post-PE complications and determining optimal treatment and diagnostic strategies.

Recent studies highlight that nearly 25 to 50% of patients will develop PPES following diagnosis and treatment of a PE. Recent improvements in imaging modalities have led to improved diagnosis and identification of PPES. Despite this, treatment and identification of patients who would benefit from pharmacologic and interventional therapies remain difficult.

Early identification of PPES is essential in symptomatic patients following diagnosis and treatment of PE. Individual treatment plans are crucial for improving the outcomes of patients suffering from PPES. Recent advancements are promising, although additional research is needed to further refine optimal treatments for long-term care of PPES patients.