Reviewing the Current State of Renal Cell Carcinoma with a Tumor Thrombus: Epidemiology, Pathophysiology, Metastasis, and Systemic Therapy
摘要
The purpose of this review is to highlight relevant literature on the epidemiology and pathophysiology of renal cell carcinoma with a tumor thrombus (RCC-TT), metastatic management, and the role of systemic therapy (ST).
Recent FindingsCurrent research indicates different prevalences and presentations by geography, with many classification systems for RCC-TT. Pathophysiology remains poorly understood for TT formation. Some patients may benefit from cytoreductive nephrectomy with tumor thrombectomy (CN-TT) as well as ST administration, but this population is poorly defined.
SummaryRCC-TT is a complex disease to manage and lacks high-powered publications relative to RCC without a TT. Future research should focus on the genetics behind TT formation and propagation, CN-TT outcomes, and which patients should receive ST and the optimal timing/dosage.