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Purpose of Review <p>Prehabilitation constitutes a multidisciplinary strategy aimed at improving physiological and psychological readiness prior to surgery. Within pain medicine, prehabilitation provides an opportunity to address modifiable pain-related and functional risk factors prior to major procedures. This narrative review synthesizes contemporary evidence on prehabilitation modalities, their impact on surgical and pain-relevant outcomes, and persistent knowledge gaps limiting integration into perioperative pain pathways.</p> Recent Findings <p>A targeted PubMed search was performed on June 25, 2025. Supplementary exploratory searches in Web of Science and Scopus did not identify unique eligible studies beyond those already captured in PubMed. After excluding non-original reports and studies lacking outcome data, 153 clinical studies were included. The most frequently represented surgical specialties were general surgery (43%), orthopedic surgery (21%), and cardiothoracic surgery (18%). Single-modality prehabilitation was reported in 43% of studies, whereas multimodal approaches varied by specialty, occurring in 36% of general surgery studies and 13% of cardiothoracic surgery studies. Five principal prehabilitation modalities were identified: exercise, nutrition, psychological intervention, substance cessation, and medical optimization. Exercise-based interventions were the most common, incorporated in 84.7% of studies, followed by nutritional interventions in 29.5%. Overall, 82% reported improvements in at least one postoperative or functional outcome, although pain-specific endpoints were inconsistently reported.</p> Summary <p>Prehabilitation appears beneficial across surgical specialties; however, pain outcomes remain underreported, and multimodal programs remain limited. Future work should standardize pain endpoints and evaluate multimodal interventions to guide integration of prehabilitation into perioperative pain management pathways.</p>

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Integrating Pain Prehabilitation into Surgical Pathways: Current Modalities, Outcomes, and Research Gaps

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月9日

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  • Eric A. Sosa,
  • Anabel Henick,
  • Dhanesh D. Binda,
  • Crystal Joseph,
  • Stanley Kim,
  • Dave Mathew,
  • Singh Nair,
  • Jinu Kim,
  • David C. Adams,
  • Karina Gritsenko,
  • Alan D. Kaye,
  • Ugur Yener,
  • Hatice Begum Ciftci,
  • Sayed E. Wahezi,
  • Naum Shaparin

摘要

Purpose of Review

Prehabilitation constitutes a multidisciplinary strategy aimed at improving physiological and psychological readiness prior to surgery. Within pain medicine, prehabilitation provides an opportunity to address modifiable pain-related and functional risk factors prior to major procedures. This narrative review synthesizes contemporary evidence on prehabilitation modalities, their impact on surgical and pain-relevant outcomes, and persistent knowledge gaps limiting integration into perioperative pain pathways.

Recent Findings

A targeted PubMed search was performed on June 25, 2025. Supplementary exploratory searches in Web of Science and Scopus did not identify unique eligible studies beyond those already captured in PubMed. After excluding non-original reports and studies lacking outcome data, 153 clinical studies were included. The most frequently represented surgical specialties were general surgery (43%), orthopedic surgery (21%), and cardiothoracic surgery (18%). Single-modality prehabilitation was reported in 43% of studies, whereas multimodal approaches varied by specialty, occurring in 36% of general surgery studies and 13% of cardiothoracic surgery studies. Five principal prehabilitation modalities were identified: exercise, nutrition, psychological intervention, substance cessation, and medical optimization. Exercise-based interventions were the most common, incorporated in 84.7% of studies, followed by nutritional interventions in 29.5%. Overall, 82% reported improvements in at least one postoperative or functional outcome, although pain-specific endpoints were inconsistently reported.

Summary

Prehabilitation appears beneficial across surgical specialties; however, pain outcomes remain underreported, and multimodal programs remain limited. Future work should standardize pain endpoints and evaluate multimodal interventions to guide integration of prehabilitation into perioperative pain management pathways.