Epidemiology of Cancer in Older Adults: A Systematic Review

What are the prevalence, incidence and mortality rates of cancer among individuals aged 60 or older on a national, regional, and global scale? What factors affect differences in cancer survival between older and younger adults?

The epidemiological literature on cancer in older adults, particularly in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) and that focusing on the oldest adults, is expanding. These studies consistently show increasing global cancer incidence rates in older populations. Recent research also highlights a widening survival gap between middle-aged and older adults, with the stage at diagnosis being the primary driver.

More research is needed to describe the cancer burden in older adults, especially focusing on the oldest population and LMICs, to better understand global healthcare challenges. Additionally, further exploring patient-related, clinical, and tumour-related factors which drive age-related survival differences could improve cancer outcomes in older adults.