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Purposeof Review <p>Prediabetes poses a significant risk of developing diabetes and it’s complications. Africa faces specific challenges, hindering early recognition and management of prediabetes. We aimed to understand unique, ethnicity specific aspects of the burden, pathogenesis and management of prediabetes in Africa.</p> Recent Findings <p>The rate of progression from prediabetes to diabetes is higher in African, compared to European populations. Prediabetes in Africans is driven mainly by hyperinsulinemia and reduced hepatic clearance causing obesity and insulin resistance, rather than impaired insulin sensitivity. High risk, difficult to reach individuals in lower socioeconomic strata, benefited from community versus facility-based screening. Intensive lifestyle changes with low calorie or low fat-high fiber diet provide longer lasting effect versus drug monotherapy.</p> Summary <p>Using structured community-based screening, early detection of prediabetes is achievable, requiring dedicated stakeholder engagement. Further research into the etiology and sequencing of pathogenetic anomalies and preventive strategies in African populations is needed.</p>

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The Unique Ethnicity-Specific Aspects of Burden, Pathogenesis and Management of Prediabetes: Insights from Africa

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年3月24日

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  • Nancy Kunyiha,
  • Rilwan Adan,
  • Rosslyn Ngugi,
  • Jacqueline Odhiambo,
  • Sairabanu Mohamedrashid Sokwalla

摘要

Purposeof Review

Prediabetes poses a significant risk of developing diabetes and it’s complications. Africa faces specific challenges, hindering early recognition and management of prediabetes. We aimed to understand unique, ethnicity specific aspects of the burden, pathogenesis and management of prediabetes in Africa.

Recent Findings

The rate of progression from prediabetes to diabetes is higher in African, compared to European populations. Prediabetes in Africans is driven mainly by hyperinsulinemia and reduced hepatic clearance causing obesity and insulin resistance, rather than impaired insulin sensitivity. High risk, difficult to reach individuals in lower socioeconomic strata, benefited from community versus facility-based screening. Intensive lifestyle changes with low calorie or low fat-high fiber diet provide longer lasting effect versus drug monotherapy.

Summary

Using structured community-based screening, early detection of prediabetes is achievable, requiring dedicated stakeholder engagement. Further research into the etiology and sequencing of pathogenetic anomalies and preventive strategies in African populations is needed.