Lifestyle Intervention in Reducing Insulin Resistance and Preventing type 2 Diabetes in Asia Pacific Region: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

To update the evidence of lifestyle interventions for the prevention of type 2 diabetes mellites (T2DM) in adults, particularly in the Asia Pacific region. The key questions to ask are: 1) How effective are lifestyle interventions in preventing T2DM among at-risk adults in the Asia Pacific Region? 2)What are the key characteristics of the implementation of lifestyle interventions for diabetes prevention?

Lifestyle interventions for the prevention of T2DM have been suggested to be effective. There is evidence of ethnic differences in some glycaemic and anthropometric outcomes.

The meta-analysis suggested a significant result in reducing waist circumference (standardised mean difference − 019, 95%CI ( -0.31, -0.06)), and no significant effects in other outcomes. However, the implementation outcomes suggested lifestyle intervention might be a cost-effective and sustainable approach in T2DM particularly in countries in the Asia Pacific Region. The focus of lifestyle intervention in the Asia Pacific Region should not only lie in the effectiveness of the trial but a thorough evaluation of the implementation outcomes, as well as cultural adaptations, with the support of all stakeholders through all stages of the implementation.