<p>This study analyzes the impact of pollution on public health in the Monterrey Metropolitan Area (MMA), a highly industrialized urban region in northern Mexico, from 2016 to 2023. It provides novel empirical evidence for a highly industrialized urban region by applying advanced time-series modeling to assess pollution-related health outcomes. Using a SARIMAX model, which allows for the incorporation of exogenous variables while controlling for seasonality and temporal dependence, a statistically significant positive association was observed between acute respiratory infections and pollution levels, especially particulate matter (PM10) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2). These two pollutants showed statistically significant effects on health, aligning with prior research and WHO findings. On the other hand, lower temperatures were linked to more respiratory illness cases. The study highlights the need for stronger public policies to reduce emissions, particularly from industrial and transport sources. It provides empirical evidence for informed decision-making in public health and emphasizes the importance of conducting further research with broader data.</p>