<p>In 1993, Robert Strichartz proved a characterization for the bounded eigenfunctions of Laplacian <InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\Delta =-\sum _{j=1}^d \frac{\partial ^2}{\partial x_j^2} \)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="normal">Δ</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mo>-</mo> <msubsup> <mo>∑</mo> <mrow> <mi>j</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> <mi>d</mi> </msubsup> <mfrac> <msup> <mi>∂</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msup> <mrow> <mi>∂</mi> <msubsup> <mi>x</mi> <mi>j</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msubsup> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> on <InlineEquation ID="IEq2"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\mathbb {R}^d\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msup> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">R</mi> </mrow> <mi>d</mi> </msup> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>: If <InlineEquation ID="IEq3"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\left\{ f_k \right\} _{k\in \mathbb {Z}}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msub> <mfenced close="}" open="{"> <msub> <mi>f</mi> <mi>k</mi> </msub> </mfenced> <mrow> <mi>k</mi> <mo>∈</mo> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">Z</mi> </mrow> </msub> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> be a doubly infinite sequence of functions on <InlineEquation ID="IEq4"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\mathbb {R}^d\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msup> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">R</mi> </mrow> <mi>d</mi> </msup> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> such that <InlineEquation ID="IEq5"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\Delta f_k=f_{k+1}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="normal">Δ</mi> <msub> <mi>f</mi> <mi>k</mi> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <msub> <mi>f</mi> <mrow> <mi>k</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> </msub> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> and <InlineEquation ID="IEq6"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\( \Vert f_k\Vert _{L^{\infty }(\mathbb {R}^d)} \le C\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">‖</mo> </mrow> <msub> <mi>f</mi> <mi>k</mi> </msub> <msub> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">‖</mo> </mrow> <mrow> <msup> <mi>L</mi> <mi>∞</mi> </msup> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <msup> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">R</mi> </mrow> <mi>d</mi> </msup> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </msub> <mo>≤</mo> <mi>C</mi> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> for all <InlineEquation ID="IEq7"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\( k \in \mathbb {Z}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>k</mi> <mo>∈</mo> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">Z</mi> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, for some <InlineEquation ID="IEq8"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(C&gt;0\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>C</mi> <mo>&gt;</mo> <mn>0</mn> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, then <InlineEquation ID="IEq9"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(f_0\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msub> <mi>f</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> is an eigenfunction of <InlineEquation ID="IEq10"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\Delta \)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mi mathvariant="normal">Δ</mi> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>. Observing the existence of unbounded eigenfunctions of Laplacian, Howard and Reese generalized Strichartz’s theorem to characterize eigenfunctions of Laplacian having at most polynomial growth. In this article, we shall prove an extended version of Strichartz’s theorem to characterize eigenfunctions of the Laplacian having exponential growth.</p>

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Characterization of eigenfunctions of the Laplacian having exponential growth

  • Basil Paul,
  • Pradeep Boggarapu

摘要

In 1993, Robert Strichartz proved a characterization for the bounded eigenfunctions of Laplacian \(\Delta =-\sum _{j=1}^d \frac{\partial ^2}{\partial x_j^2} \) Δ = - j = 1 d 2 x j 2 on \(\mathbb {R}^d\) R d : If \(\left\{ f_k \right\} _{k\in \mathbb {Z}}\) f k k Z be a doubly infinite sequence of functions on \(\mathbb {R}^d\) R d such that \(\Delta f_k=f_{k+1}\) Δ f k = f k + 1 and \( \Vert f_k\Vert _{L^{\infty }(\mathbb {R}^d)} \le C\) f k L ( R d ) C for all \( k \in \mathbb {Z}\) k Z , for some \(C>0\) C > 0 , then \(f_0\) f 0 is an eigenfunction of \(\Delta \) Δ . Observing the existence of unbounded eigenfunctions of Laplacian, Howard and Reese generalized Strichartz’s theorem to characterize eigenfunctions of Laplacian having at most polynomial growth. In this article, we shall prove an extended version of Strichartz’s theorem to characterize eigenfunctions of the Laplacian having exponential growth.