<p>The reflection of stationary subsets of <InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\({\cal{P}}_{\omega_{1}}(H)\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math display="block"> <msub> <mrow> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="script">P</mi> </mrow> </mrow> <mrow> <msub> <mi>ω</mi> <mrow> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> </msub> </mrow> </msub> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>H</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> for all sets <i>H</i> ⊇ <i>ω</i><sub>1</sub>, which we denote by <InlineEquation ID="IEq2"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\text{SR}_{\omega_{1}}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math display="block"> <msub> <mtext>SR</mtext> <mrow> <msub> <mi>ω</mi> <mrow> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> </msub> </mrow> </msub> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, is known to imply that <i>λ</i><sup><i>ω</i></sup> = <i>λ</i> for all regular cardinals <i>λ</i> ≥ <i>ω</i><sub>2</sub>. In particular, it implies 2<sup><i>ω</i></sup> ≤ <i>ω</i><sub>2</sub> and the Singular Cardinal Hypothesis. For a regular cardinal <i>κ</i> ≥ <i>ω</i><sub>2</sub>, the reflection of stationary subsets of <InlineEquation ID="IEq3"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\({\cal{P}}_{\kappa}(H)\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math display="block"> <msub> <mrow> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="script">P</mi> </mrow> </mrow> <mrow> <mi>κ</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>H</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> for all <i>H</i> ⊇ <i>κ</i> is inconsistent with ZFC. But its restriction to stationary sets consisting of internally approachable sets, which we denote by SR<sub><i>κ</i></sub> ↾ IA, is consistent with ZFC. In this paper, we study consequences of SR<sub><i>κ</i></sub> ↾ IA on cardinal arithmetic.</p><p>We prove that SR<sub><i>κ</i></sub> ↾ IA does not give any bound on 2<sup><i>μ</i></sup> for any regular uncountable cardinal <i>μ</i>, while it implies <i>λ</i><sup><i>ω</i></sup> = <i>λ</i> for all regular cardinals <i>λ</i> ≥ <i>κ</i><sup>+</sup>. We also prove that SR<sub><i>κ</i></sub> ↾ IA<sub>&gt;<i>ω</i></sub> does not give any bound on 2<sup><i>ω</i></sup> and does not imply the Singular Cardinal Hypothesis, where SR<i>κ</i> ↾ IA<sub>&gt;<i>ω</i></sub> denotes the reflection of stationary subsets of <InlineEquation ID="IEq4"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\({\cal{P}}_{\kappa}(H)\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math display="block"> <msub> <mrow> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="script">P</mi> </mrow> </mrow> <mrow> <mi>κ</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>H</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> consisting of internally approachable sets of uncountable cofinalities.</p>

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Generalized stationary reflection and cardinal arithmetic

  • Hiroshi Sakai

摘要

The reflection of stationary subsets of \({\cal{P}}_{\omega_{1}}(H)\) P ω 1 ( H ) for all sets Hω1, which we denote by \(\text{SR}_{\omega_{1}}\) SR ω 1 , is known to imply that λω = λ for all regular cardinals λω2. In particular, it implies 2ωω2 and the Singular Cardinal Hypothesis. For a regular cardinal κω2, the reflection of stationary subsets of \({\cal{P}}_{\kappa}(H)\) P κ ( H ) for all Hκ is inconsistent with ZFC. But its restriction to stationary sets consisting of internally approachable sets, which we denote by SRκ ↾ IA, is consistent with ZFC. In this paper, we study consequences of SRκ ↾ IA on cardinal arithmetic.

We prove that SRκ ↾ IA does not give any bound on 2μ for any regular uncountable cardinal μ, while it implies λω = λ for all regular cardinals λκ+. We also prove that SRκ ↾ IA>ω does not give any bound on 2ω and does not imply the Singular Cardinal Hypothesis, where SRκ ↾ IA>ω denotes the reflection of stationary subsets of \({\cal{P}}_{\kappa}(H)\) P κ ( H ) consisting of internally approachable sets of uncountable cofinalities.