Women’s participation and KAP in community-based mangrove conservation: a case study of Pujada Bay, Philippines
摘要
This study examined the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) of women mangrove planters engaged in community-based mangrove conservation in six barangays of Pujada Bay, City of Mati, Davao Oriental, Philippines. A convergent mixed-methods design was employed, integrating quantitative survey data (n = 138) with qualitative insights from key informant interviews (n = 44) and focus group discussions (n = 50). Results revealed very high levels of knowledge (mean = 4.93), highly positive attitudes (mean = 4.60), and strong conservation practices (mean = 4.58). One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) indicated that age significantly influenced knowledge, attitudes, and practices (p < 0.05), while livelihood dependency significantly affected both attitudes (p = 0.003) and practices (p = 0.016). Education, ethnicity, and years of experience were also significant predictors of conservation practices (p < 0.05). Reliability analysis demonstrated strong internal consistency across domains (Cronbach’s α: knowledge = 0.91; attitudes = 0.88; practices = 0.86). Qualitative findings enriched these results by illustrating how institutional support and livelihood dependence shape conservation behavior. However, findings should be interpreted within the context of a positively selected sample of conservation-engaged participants. The study contributes to the literature by demonstrating how gendered participation and socio-demographic factors interact to influence conservation outcomes in community-based coastal governance.