<p>Coastal communities in volcanic regions face distinct tsunami risks requiring integrated assessment approaches that combine physical vulnerability with social resilience capacity. This study evaluates coastal community resilience (CCR) in South Lampung Regency, Indonesia, following the 2018 Anak Krakatau volcanic tsunami using an integrated framework combining the US IOTWS, 2007 CCR methodology, GIS spatial analysis, and mixed-methods assessment. Surveys of 200 households across 22 coastal villages revealed an overall resilience index of 3.37 (high category), masking critical dimensional variations. Disaster Recovery (4.22) and Emergency Response (3.77) scored highest, while Risk Knowledge (2.20) and Land Use/Structural Design (2.27) remained critically low. Spatial analysis using kriging interpolation and hotspot detection identified that 892 households occupy high-hazard zones with low resilience, concentrated in remote coastal settlements. Communities demonstrate strong reactive capacity but fundamental weaknesses in proactive preparedness. Bivariate correlation revealed that Risk Knowledge negatively correlates with evacuation route distance, while Coastal Resource Management positively associates with mangrove extent. Findings indicate that sustainable coastal resilience requires prioritizing risk education, enforcing tsunami-adaptive spatial planning, enhancing early warning systems, and implementing nature-based protection strategies targeted to geographical vulnerability patterns.</p>

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Spatial assessment of coastal community resilience to volcanic tsunami hazards: evidence from the 2018 Anak Krakatau eruption in South Lampung, Indonesia

  • Dwi Bayu Prasetya,
  • R. Rijanta,
  • Dyah Rahmawati Hizbaron,
  • Muhammad Kamal

摘要

Coastal communities in volcanic regions face distinct tsunami risks requiring integrated assessment approaches that combine physical vulnerability with social resilience capacity. This study evaluates coastal community resilience (CCR) in South Lampung Regency, Indonesia, following the 2018 Anak Krakatau volcanic tsunami using an integrated framework combining the US IOTWS, 2007 CCR methodology, GIS spatial analysis, and mixed-methods assessment. Surveys of 200 households across 22 coastal villages revealed an overall resilience index of 3.37 (high category), masking critical dimensional variations. Disaster Recovery (4.22) and Emergency Response (3.77) scored highest, while Risk Knowledge (2.20) and Land Use/Structural Design (2.27) remained critically low. Spatial analysis using kriging interpolation and hotspot detection identified that 892 households occupy high-hazard zones with low resilience, concentrated in remote coastal settlements. Communities demonstrate strong reactive capacity but fundamental weaknesses in proactive preparedness. Bivariate correlation revealed that Risk Knowledge negatively correlates with evacuation route distance, while Coastal Resource Management positively associates with mangrove extent. Findings indicate that sustainable coastal resilience requires prioritizing risk education, enforcing tsunami-adaptive spatial planning, enhancing early warning systems, and implementing nature-based protection strategies targeted to geographical vulnerability patterns.