<p>The seldom monitored trace elements could cause non-negligible ecological and health risks, however, their contents, distributions and potential risks in Yellow River Delta wetland soils have rarely been reported. In this study, we collected surface soil samples from five landscape types, investigated pollution status of eleven seldom monitored trace elements, and evaluate their potential ecological and health risks in YRD soils based on Monte Carlo simulation. Our results indicated that the eleven trace elements contents of wetland soils were comparable with the geochemical background values except for Sb, and significant high Sb concentrations were observed in maize field soils, which was very likely related to the application of fertilizers and pesticides. The potential sources of these trace elements based on principal component analysis and correlation analysis implied that Sb and Tl could be very likely related to anthropogenic origins, which was further confirmed by the contamination evaluation results according to indices of EF and <i>I</i>_geo. Overall, the calculated eRI values ranged from 0.84 to 1.14 with an average of 0.99, and the 95% predicted eRI values was 1.12, which indicated that these trace elements in YRD wetland soils may had relatively low probability of causing moderate ecological risks. Notwithstanding, the simulated probability distribution of these trace elements indicated the cumulative probability of health risk for children was obviously higher than that for adult males and adult females based on Monte Carlo simulation. Thus, much more attention should be paid to the potential health risks of these trace elements for children and further investigation and monitoring of these trace elements in YRD wetland soils should be conducted.</p>