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Objectives <p>This study aimed to examine the associations between occupational characteristics, lifestyle behaviors, sleep quality, and 10-year cardiovascular risk estimated using SCORE-2 algorithm among ambulance emergency medical services (EMS) and emergency department healthcare workers.</p> Methods <p>This cross-sectional study included 300 healthcare workers employed in ambulance EMS (<i>n</i> = 122) and emergency departments (<i>n</i> = 178). Sociodemographic variables, occupational characteristics, lifestyle behaviors, and clinical data were collected using a structured questionnaire. Sleep quality was assessed with the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and cardiovascular risk was estimated using SCORE-2. Group comparisons were performed using the Mann–Whitney U and chi-square tests. Associations were evaluated with Spearman correlation, and independent predictors of SCORE-2 were identified using multivariable linear regression analysis.</p> Results <p>The median SCORE-2 value was 2.8% (IQR: 1.6–4.7), with no significant difference between ambulance EMS and emergency department workers (<i>p</i> = 0.855). Participants aged ≥ 50 years had significantly higher SCORE-2 values compared with those aged 40–49 years (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). Alcohol consumption was associated with higher SCORE-2 levels (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001) and remained an independent predictor in multivariable analysis (B = 1.41, 95% CI: 0.60–2.22). Age and sex were also independently associated with SCORE-2. Although sleep quality showed a weak positive correlation with SCORE-2 (<i>r</i> = 0.166, <i>p</i> = 0.004), this association was not significant after adjustment.</p> Conclusion <p>In emergency healthcare workers, SCORE-2-estimated cardiovascular risk is mainly driven by age, sex, and alcohol consumption rather than work setting or shift characteristics. These findings suggest that incorporating occupational and lifestyle factors alongside SCORE-2 may improve cardiovascular risk assessment in shift-working healthcare professionals.</p>

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Occupational and lifestyle factors associated with SCORE-2 cardiovascular risk among emergency healthcare workers

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月5日

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  • Murat Doğan,
  • Anıl Özüdoğru

摘要

Objectives

This study aimed to examine the associations between occupational characteristics, lifestyle behaviors, sleep quality, and 10-year cardiovascular risk estimated using SCORE-2 algorithm among ambulance emergency medical services (EMS) and emergency department healthcare workers.

Methods

This cross-sectional study included 300 healthcare workers employed in ambulance EMS (n = 122) and emergency departments (n = 178). Sociodemographic variables, occupational characteristics, lifestyle behaviors, and clinical data were collected using a structured questionnaire. Sleep quality was assessed with the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and cardiovascular risk was estimated using SCORE-2. Group comparisons were performed using the Mann–Whitney U and chi-square tests. Associations were evaluated with Spearman correlation, and independent predictors of SCORE-2 were identified using multivariable linear regression analysis.

Results

The median SCORE-2 value was 2.8% (IQR: 1.6–4.7), with no significant difference between ambulance EMS and emergency department workers (p = 0.855). Participants aged ≥ 50 years had significantly higher SCORE-2 values compared with those aged 40–49 years (p < 0.001). Alcohol consumption was associated with higher SCORE-2 levels (p < 0.001) and remained an independent predictor in multivariable analysis (B = 1.41, 95% CI: 0.60–2.22). Age and sex were also independently associated with SCORE-2. Although sleep quality showed a weak positive correlation with SCORE-2 (r = 0.166, p = 0.004), this association was not significant after adjustment.

Conclusion

In emergency healthcare workers, SCORE-2-estimated cardiovascular risk is mainly driven by age, sex, and alcohol consumption rather than work setting or shift characteristics. These findings suggest that incorporating occupational and lifestyle factors alongside SCORE-2 may improve cardiovascular risk assessment in shift-working healthcare professionals.