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Background <p>Frailty is a multidimensional geriatric syndrome associated with poor health outcomes. Decline in oral function, including chewing, swallowing, and tongue movement—termed oral frailty—has emerged as a contributor to systemic vulnerability. Oropharyngeal dysphagia (OD) may represent a key link between oral frailty-based vulnerability and systemic frailty, yet data from non-Asian populations are limited. This study investigated the relationship between OD risk, oral frailty, and systemic frailty in older adults.</p> Methods <p>A cross-sectional study was conducted among 447 individuals aged ≥65 years attending geriatric outpatient clinics. Swallowing function was assessed using the Eating Assessment Tool-10 (EAT-10), with scores ≥3 indicating OD risk. Oral frailty-based vulnerability was evaluated using the Oral Frailty Index-8 (OFI-8), with scores ≥4 defining oral frailty. Multivariate logistic regression identified independent predictors of systemic frailty.</p> Results <p>The mean age was 73.6 ± 7.8 years; 75.6% were women. According to OFI-8, 56.6% were frail, while 31.3% were at risk for OD based on EAT-10. Individuals at risk of OD had lower handgrip strength, albumin, and vitamin D levels and a higher prevalence of osteoporosis (all p&lt;0.05). Logistic regression revealed that OD risk independently predicted oral frailty-based vulnerability, increasing the odds by nearly sixfold (OR 5.83–6.34, p&lt;0.001) after adjusting for covariates.</p> Conclusions <p>OD risk assessed by EAT-10 is an independent predictor of oral frailty-based vulnerability. Incorporating EAT-10 and OFI-8 into comprehensive geriatric assessments may facilitate early identification and multidisciplinary management of vulnerable older adults.</p>

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Oral frailty-based vulnerability and oropharyngeal dysphagia in community-dwelling older adults: evidence from eat-10 and OFI-8

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月6日

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  • Nurdan Şentürk Durmuş,
  • Tugce Nur Turkoglu,
  • Aysun Şeker,
  • Feride Sevilmis,
  • Hanife Usta Atmaca,
  • Ozlem Yılmaz

摘要

Background

Frailty is a multidimensional geriatric syndrome associated with poor health outcomes. Decline in oral function, including chewing, swallowing, and tongue movement—termed oral frailty—has emerged as a contributor to systemic vulnerability. Oropharyngeal dysphagia (OD) may represent a key link between oral frailty-based vulnerability and systemic frailty, yet data from non-Asian populations are limited. This study investigated the relationship between OD risk, oral frailty, and systemic frailty in older adults.

Methods

A cross-sectional study was conducted among 447 individuals aged ≥65 years attending geriatric outpatient clinics. Swallowing function was assessed using the Eating Assessment Tool-10 (EAT-10), with scores ≥3 indicating OD risk. Oral frailty-based vulnerability was evaluated using the Oral Frailty Index-8 (OFI-8), with scores ≥4 defining oral frailty. Multivariate logistic regression identified independent predictors of systemic frailty.

Results

The mean age was 73.6 ± 7.8 years; 75.6% were women. According to OFI-8, 56.6% were frail, while 31.3% were at risk for OD based on EAT-10. Individuals at risk of OD had lower handgrip strength, albumin, and vitamin D levels and a higher prevalence of osteoporosis (all p<0.05). Logistic regression revealed that OD risk independently predicted oral frailty-based vulnerability, increasing the odds by nearly sixfold (OR 5.83–6.34, p<0.001) after adjusting for covariates.

Conclusions

OD risk assessed by EAT-10 is an independent predictor of oral frailty-based vulnerability. Incorporating EAT-10 and OFI-8 into comprehensive geriatric assessments may facilitate early identification and multidisciplinary management of vulnerable older adults.