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Background <p>Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is due to the autoimmune destruction of pancreatic β-cells. Biomarkers of early diagnosis of T1DM are important to improve treatment and prevent complications. β-catenin, a key effector of the WNT signaling pathway, plays a critical role in the development of pancreatic β-cells. This study investigates the association between serum β-catenin protein and T1DM and evaluates its diagnostic performance compared to routine markers.</p> Material and methods <p>The study included 50 patients with T1DM aged 15–25&#xa0;years and 30 healthy age- and gender-matched subjects (HS). All participants were evaluated with full history taking, thorough clinical examination, and laboratory evaluation of biochemical tests and glycemic markers. Serum β-catenin was measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.</p> Result <p>There were significant differences in the concentration of β-catenin between T1DM and HS (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.001). Gender, HbA1c, BU, and lipid profile were found to be significantly independently related to β-catenin levels (P &lt; 0.05). β-catenin showed excellent discriminatory ability (AUC 1.0); the results revealed that the best cut-off value of β-catenin levels to predict T1DM was &gt; 1.81&#xa0;ng/ml.</p> Conclusion <p>The results show that the concentration of β-catenin has the potential to diagnose T1DM. Further, larger studies are needed on whether β-catenin has a therapeutic role in T1DM.</p>

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Enhanced diagnostic accuracy of type 1 diabetes mellitus through the combined use of serum β-catenin and HbA1c

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年6月24日

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  • Baydaa Ahmed Abed,
  • Fatima Khazaal,
  • Noor Ulhuda G. Mohammed,
  • Layla Othman Farhan,
  • Isam Noori Salman

摘要

Background

Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is due to the autoimmune destruction of pancreatic β-cells. Biomarkers of early diagnosis of T1DM are important to improve treatment and prevent complications. β-catenin, a key effector of the WNT signaling pathway, plays a critical role in the development of pancreatic β-cells. This study investigates the association between serum β-catenin protein and T1DM and evaluates its diagnostic performance compared to routine markers.

Material and methods

The study included 50 patients with T1DM aged 15–25 years and 30 healthy age- and gender-matched subjects (HS). All participants were evaluated with full history taking, thorough clinical examination, and laboratory evaluation of biochemical tests and glycemic markers. Serum β-catenin was measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.

Result

There were significant differences in the concentration of β-catenin between T1DM and HS (P < 0.001). Gender, HbA1c, BU, and lipid profile were found to be significantly independently related to β-catenin levels (P < 0.05). β-catenin showed excellent discriminatory ability (AUC 1.0); the results revealed that the best cut-off value of β-catenin levels to predict T1DM was > 1.81 ng/ml.

Conclusion

The results show that the concentration of β-catenin has the potential to diagnose T1DM. Further, larger studies are needed on whether β-catenin has a therapeutic role in T1DM.